Duplex Stainless Steel (DSS) ni ubwoko bw'icyuma kitagira umugese gifite ibice bingana bya ferrite na austenite, aho igice gito muri rusange kigira nibura 30%. DSS ubusanzwe ifite chromium iri hagati ya 18% na 28% n'igice cya nikeli kiri hagati ya 3% na 10%. Ibyuma bimwe na bimwe bitagira umugese bifite kandi ibintu bivangavanze nka molybdenum (Mo), umuringa (Cu), niobium (Nb), titanium (Ti), na azote (N).
Iki cyiciro cy'icyuma gihuza imiterere y'ibyuma bya austenitic na ferritic stainless. Ugereranyije n'ibyuma bya ferritic stainless, DSS ifite plasticity yo hejuru n'ubukomezi, ntigira ubukomezi bworoshye mu bushyuhe bw'icyumba, kandi igaragaza ubukomezi bworoshye hagati y'ibice bya granular no gusonera. Muri icyo gihe, igumana ubukomezi bworoshye bwa 475°C n'ubushyuhe bwinshi bw'ibyuma bya ferritic stainless kandi igaragaza ubukomezi bwo hejuru. Ugereranyije n'ibyuma bya austenitic stainless, DSS ifite imbaraga nyinshi kandi irwanya cyane ubukomezi bwo hagati y'ibice bya granular na chloride. DSS kandi ifite ubukomezi bwiza bwo kurwanya ubukomezi kandi ifatwa nk'icyuma cya stainless kizigama nikeli.
Imiterere n'ubwoko
Bitewe n'imiterere yayo ya austenite na ferrite ifite ibice bibiri, aho buri cyiciro kigira hafi kimwe cya kabiri, DSS igaragaza imiterere y'ibyuma bya austenite na ferritic stainless steels. Ingufu za DSS zigira umusaruro uri hagati ya 400 MPa na 550 MPa, bingana kabiri n'iby'ibyuma bisanzwe bya austenite stainless steels. DSS ifite imbaraga nyinshi, ubushyuhe buke bwo guhindura ibintu bugabanuka, kandi ifite ubushobozi bwo kurwanya ingese hagati y'ibice bya granular no guhuza ugereranije n'ibyuma bya ferritic stainless steels. Inafite imiterere imwe n'imwe ya ferritic stainless steels, nko kugabanuka kwa 475°C, gutwara ubushyuhe bwinshi, ubwiyongere bw'ubushyuhe, superplasticity, na magnetism. Ugereranyije n'ibyuma bya austenite stainless steels, DSS ifite imbaraga nyinshi, cyane cyane imbaraga zo gutanga umusaruro, kandi irushaho kurwanya ibitugu, ingese ya stress, no kunanirwa kwange.
DSS ishobora gushyirwa mu moko ane hashingiwe ku miterere yayo: Cr18, Cr23 (Mo-free), Cr22, na Cr25. Ubwoko bwa Cr25 bushobora kugabanywamo ibyuma bisanzwe n'iby'ibyuma bibiri bitagira umugese. Muri byo, ubwoko bwa Cr22 na Cr25 ni bwo bukoreshwa cyane. Mu Bushinwa, inyinshi mu byiciro bya DSS byakoreshejwe bikorerwa muri Suwede, harimo 3RE60 (ubwoko bwa Cr18), SAF2304 (ubwoko bwa Cr23), SAF2205 (ubwoko bwa Cr22), na SAF2507 (ubwoko bwa Cr25).
Ubwoko bw'ibyuma bitagira umugese bibiri
1. Ubwoko bw'ingunguru nke:Iki cyuma gihagarariwe na UNS S32304 (23Cr-4Ni-0.1N), ntabwo kirimo molybdenum kandi gifite umubare ungana na 24-25 wa Pitting Resistance Number (PREN). Gishobora gusimbura AISI 304 cyangwa 316 mu bikorwa byo kurwanya ingese.
2. Ubwoko bw'Aloyi Iciriritse:Ihagarariwe na UNS S31803 (22Cr-5Ni-3Mo-0.15N), ifite PREN ya 32-33. Ubudahangarwa bwayo bwo kwangirika buri hagati ya AISI 316L na 6% Mo+N ibyuma bitagira umugese bya austenitic.
3. Ubwoko bw'ingufu nyinshi:Ubusanzwe irimo 25% Cr hamwe na molybdenum na azote, rimwe na rimwe umuringa na tungsten. Ihagarariwe na UNS S32550 (25Cr-6Ni-3Mo-2Cu-0.2N), hamwe na PREN ya 38-39, iyi cyuma ifite ubushobozi bwo kurwanya ingese kurusha 22% Cr DSS.
4. Icyuma gikozwe mu cyuma gitembamo gifite imirasire ibiri (Super Duplex Stainless Steel):Irimo urugero rwinshi rwa molybdenum na azote, igaragazwa na UNS S32750 (25Cr-7Ni-3.7Mo-0.3N), rimwe na rimwe ikaba irimo tungsten na copper, hamwe na PREN iri hejuru ya 40. Ikwiriye ahantu hakomeye, itanga ingese nziza n'ubushobozi bwo gukora, nk'ibyuma bitagira umugese bya super austenitic.
Ingano z'icyuma gikozwe mu cyuma gitembamo cya Duplex mu Bushinwa
Imashini nshya isanzwe yo mu Bushinwa ya GB/T 20878-2007 "Ibyiciro by'icyuma kidashonga kandi kidashyuha n'ibikomoka kuri chimique" irimo ibyiciro byinshi bya DSS, nka 14Cr18Ni11Si4AlTi, 022Cr19Ni5Mo3Si2N, na 12Cr21Ni5Ti. Byongeye kandi, icyuma kizwi cyane cya 2205 duplex steel gihuye n'icy'Abashinwa cya 022Cr23Ni5Mo3N.
Ibiranga Ibyuma Bitagira Ingufu Bibiri
Bitewe n’imiterere yayo ifite ibice bibiri, binyuze mu kugenzura neza imiterere y’imiti n’uburyo bwo kuyitunganya mu bushyuhe, DSS ihuza ibyiza by’ibyuma bya ferritic na austenitic stainless. Iragwa imbaraga nziza no gusonera by’ibyuma bya austenitic stainless hamwe n’imbaraga nyinshi na chloride stainless stress by’ibyuma bya ferritic stainless. Iyi miterere myiza yatumye DSS itera imbere vuba nk’ibikoresho by’ubwubatsi bishobora gusudira kuva mu myaka ya 1980, igera kugereranywa n’ibyuma bya martensitic, austenitic, na ferritic stainless. DSS ifite ibi bikurikira:
1. Ubudahangarwa ku ngaruka za chloride:DSS irimo molybdenum igaragaza ubushobozi bwo kurwanya ingese ya chloride stress kuri stress nkeya. Nubwo ibyuma 18-8 bya austenitic stainless steel bikunze kugira ikibazo cyo gucika kw'ingese mu bisubizo bya chloride ya neutral biri hejuru ya 60°C, DSS ikora neza ahantu hari ingano nto ya chloride na hydrogen sulfide, bigatuma ikoreshwa mu gukwirakwiza ubushyuhe n'imashini zihindura umwuka.
2. Ubudahangarwa bw'ingese mu gushonga:DSS ifite ubushobozi bwo kurwanya ingese mu miyoboro. Hamwe n'uburyo bumwe bwo kurwanya ingese mu miyoboro (PRE=Cr%+3.3Mo%+16N%), DSS n'ibyuma bitagira umugese bya austenitic bigaragaza ubushobozi bumwe bwo kurwanya ingese mu miyoboro. Ubushobozi bwa DSS bwo kurwanya ingese mu miyoboro no mu miyoboro, cyane cyane mu bwoko bufite chromium nyinshi kandi bufite azote, buruta ubwa AISI 316L.
3. Umunaniro uterwa no kwangirika no kudashira kw'ibinure:DSS ikora neza mu bintu bimwe na bimwe byangiza, bigatuma ikoreshwa mu kuvoma, ama-valve, n'ibindi bikoresho by'amashanyarazi.
4. Imiterere ya mekanike:DSS ifite imbaraga nyinshi n'imbaraga zo kunanirwa, ifite imbaraga zo gukura inshuro ebyiri z'ibyuma 18-8 bya austenitic stainless. Mu gihe cyo gushyuha, uburebure bwayo bugera kuri 25%, kandi agaciro kayo k'ubukomere ka AK (V-notch) karenze 100 J.
5. Uburyo bwo gusudira:DSS ifite ubushobozi bwo gusudira neza kandi ifite ubushyuhe buke. Muri rusange ntabwo ari ngombwa gushyushya mbere yo gusudira, kandi ubushyuhe nyuma yo gusudira ntabwo ari ngombwa, bigatuma isudira hakoreshejwe ibyuma 18-8 bya austenitic stainless steel cyangwa carbon steels.
6. Gukora mu buryo bushyushye:DSS ifite ubushyuhe bukabije (18%Cr) ifite ubushyuhe bwinshi bukoreshwa mu gukora kandi ifite ubushobozi bwo guhangana buri hasi ugereranyije n'ibyuma 18-8 bya austenitic stainless, bigatuma ishobora gupfunyika mu masahani idafunze. DSS ifite ubushyuhe bwinshi (25%Cr) iragoye gato gukora mu gukora mu gihe ishyushye ariko ishobora gukorwa mu masahani, imiyoboro, n'insinga.
7. Gukora mu buryo bukonje:DSS igaragaza gukomera cyane mu gihe cyo gukora mu bukonje kuruta ibyuma 18-8 bya austenitic stainless, bisaba imbaraga nyinshi zo guhindura imiterere y'imiyoboro n'ibicanwa mu gihe cyo gukora imiyoboro.
8. Uburyo bwo gutwara ubushyuhe n'ubwiyongere bwabwo:DSS ifite ubushobozi bwo gutwara ubushyuhe bwinshi kandi ifite ubushobozi bwo kwagura ubushyuhe buke ugereranije n'ibyuma bitagira umugese bya austenitic, bigatuma ikoreshwa mu bikoresho byo gushyiramo no gukora ibyuma bivanze. Ni nziza kandi ku bice by'imiyoboro y'ubushyuhe, ifite ubushobozi bwo guhanahana ubushyuhe bwinshi ugereranyije n'ibyuma bitagira umugese bya austenitic.
9. Ubuhanga bworoshye:DSS igumana imiterere yo kugorama nk'ibyuma bifite chromium ferritic stainless steels kandi ntikwiriye gukoreshwa ku bushyuhe buri hejuru ya 300°C. Uko chromium iba nke muri DSS, niko igabanuka ku ntege nke zo kugorama nka sigma phase.
Ibyiza by'umusaruro wa Womic Steel
Womic Steel ni ikigo gikomeye mu gukora ibyuma bitagira umugese bibiri, gitanga ubwoko bwinshi bw'ibicuruzwa birimo imiyoboro, amasahani, imigozi, n'insinga. Ibicuruzwa byacu byubahirije amahame mpuzamahanga kandi bifite icyemezo cya ISO, CE, na API. Dushobora kwakira abashinzwe kugenzura abandi no kugenzura bwa nyuma, tukareba ko amahame meza yujuje ubuziranenge.
Ibikoresho by'icyuma kidasanza bibiri bya Womic Steel bizwiho:
Ibikoresho by'ibanze by'ubwiza:Dukoresha ibikoresho fatizo byiza cyane kugira ngo tumenye neza ko ibicuruzwa byacu bikora neza.
Ubuhanga buhanitse bwo gukora:Ibikoresho byacu bigezweho byo gukora ibikoresho hamwe n'itsinda ry'inararibonye bidufasha gukora ibyuma bibiri bifite imiterere nyayo y'ibinyabutabire n'imiterere yabyo.
Ibisubizo Bishobora Guhindurwa:Dutanga ingano n'ibipimo bitandukanye kugira ngo duhuze n'ibyo abakiriya bacu bakeneye.
Igenzura ry’Ubuziranenge Rikomeye:Uburyo bwacu buhamye bwo kugenzura ubuziranenge butuma buri gicuruzwa cyujuje ibisabwa byo mu rwego rwo hejuru.
Kugera ku Isi:Hamwe n’umuyoboro ukomeye wo kohereza ibicuruzwa mu mahanga, Womic Steel itanga ibyuma bibiri bitagira umugese ku bakiriya ku isi yose, ishyigikira inganda zitandukanye ibikoresho byizewe kandi bikora neza.
Hitamo Womic Steel ijyanye n'ibyo ukeneye mu byuma bitagira umugese bibiri, maze wibonere ireme na serivisi bidutandukanya n'abandi muri uru rwego.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Nyakanga-29-2024