Itandukaniro hagati yicyuma cya karubone nicyuma

Ibyuma bya Carbone

Icyuma gifite imiterere yubukanishi giterwa ahanini na karubone yibyuma kandi nta kintu na kimwe gifatika kongerwaho muri rusange, rimwe na rimwe bita karubone isanzwe cyangwa ibyuma bya karubone.

Ibyuma bya karubone, byitwa kandi ibyuma bya karubone, bivuga ibyuma bya karubone birimo munsi ya 2% ya karubone WC.

Ibyuma bya karubone muri rusange birimo silikoni nkeya, manganese, sulfure na fosifore usibye karubone.

Ukurikije ikoreshwa ryibyuma bya karubone birashobora kugabanywamo ibyiciro bitatu byibyuma byubaka karubone, ibyuma byububiko bwa karubone hamwe nogukata ibyuma byubusa, ibyuma byubatswe byubatswe bigabanijwe mubwoko bubiri bwibyuma byubaka no kubaka imashini;

Ukurikije uburyo bwo gushonga bushobora kugabanywamo ibyuma bikozwe mu itanura, ibyuma bihindura ibyuma n’amashanyarazi;

Ukurikije uburyo bwa deoxidation bushobora kugabanywamo ibyuma bitetse (F), ibyuma byicaye (Z), ibyuma byicara igice (b) nicyuma kidasanzwe cyicaye (TZ);

Ukurikije ibyerekeranye na karubone yibyuma bya karubone birashobora kugabanywamo ibyuma bike bya karubone (WC ≤ 0,25%), ibyuma bya karubone yo hagati (WC0.25% -0,6%) hamwe nicyuma kinini cya karubone (WC> 0,6%);

Nk’uko fosifore ibivuga, sulfure irimo ibyuma bya karubone irashobora kugabanywamo ibyuma bisanzwe bya karubone (birimo fosifore, sulferi yo hejuru), ibyuma bya karuboni nziza cyane (birimo fosifore, sulferi yo hepfo) hamwe n’ibyuma byo mu rwego rwo hejuru (birimo fosifore, sulferi yo hepfo) hamwe n’ibyuma bidasanzwe byo mu rwego rwo hejuru.

Iyo hejuru ya karubone mubyuma rusange bya karubone, niko gukomera, niko imbaraga ziyongera, ariko niko plastike igabanuka.

Ibyuma

Ibyuma bitarwanya aside byitwa ibyuma bitagira umwanda, bigizwe nibice bibiri byingenzi: ibyuma bitagira umwanda nicyuma kirwanya aside. Muri make, ibyuma bishobora kurwanya kwangirika kwikirere byitwa ibyuma bitagira umwanda, mugihe ibyuma bishobora kurwanya ruswa nibitangazamakuru byimiti byitwa ibyuma birwanya aside. Ibyuma bitagira umwanda nicyuma kivanze cyane hamwe na 60% byicyuma nka matrix, ukongeramo chromium, nikel, molybdenum nibindi bintu bivanga.

Iyo ibyuma birimo chromium irenga 12%, ibyuma mumuyaga no kugabanya aside nitricike ntibyoroshye kubora no kubora. Impamvu nuko chromium ishobora gukora urwego rukomeye rwa firime ya chromium oxyde hejuru yicyuma, ikarinda neza ibyuma kwangirika. Ibyuma bitagira umwanda mubirimo bya chromium mubisanzwe birenga 14%, ariko ibyuma bidafite ingese ntabwo byuzuye ingese. Mu turere two ku nkombe cyangwa hari umwanda uhumanya ikirere, iyo ikirere cya chloride ion ari kinini, ubuso bwibyuma bitagira umwanda byerekanwa nikirere bishobora kuba bifite ahantu hafite ingese, ariko utwo duce twangirika tugarukira gusa hejuru, ntabwo bizangiza materique yimbere.

Muri rusange, ingano ya chrome Wcr irenga 12% yicyuma ifite ibiranga ibyuma bitagira umwanda, ibyuma bitagira umwanda ukurikije microstructure nyuma yo kuvura ubushyuhe bishobora kugabanywamo ibyiciro bitanu: aribyo ibyuma bitagira umuyonga ferrite, ibyuma bya martensitike, ibyuma bya austenitike, ibyuma bya ferite bitagira ibyuma na karubone.

Ibyuma bidafite ingese mubisanzwe bigabanywa na matrix organisation:

1, ferritic ibyuma bidafite ingese. Harimo chromium 12% kugeza 30%. Kurwanya ruswa, gukomera no gusudira hamwe no kwiyongera kwa chromium no kunoza imihangayiko ya chloride irwanya ruswa kuruta ubundi bwoko bwibyuma.

2, ibyuma bya austenitis. Harimo chromium irenga 18%, irimo na nikel hafi 8% hamwe na molybdenum, titanium, azote nibindi bintu. Imikorere yuzuye nibyiza, irashobora kurwanya ibitangazamakuru bitandukanye byangirika.

3 、 Austenitike - ferritic duplex ibyuma bidafite ingese. Byombi austenitis na ferritic ibyuma bidafite ibyuma, kandi bifite ibyiza byo gukabya.

4, ibyuma bya martensitike. Imbaraga nyinshi, ariko plastike mbi no gusudira.