I. Ibyiciro byo guhinduranya ubushyuhe:
Guhindura ubushyuhe hamwe nigituba gishobora kugabanywamo ibyiciro bibiri bikurikira ukurikije imiterere.
1. Ibyiza byayo biroroshye kandi byoroshye, bihendutse kandi bikoreshwa cyane; ibibi ni uko umuyoboro udashobora gusukurwa muburyo bwa mashini.
2. Igikonoshwa nigituba ubushyuhe hamwe nigikoresho cyo kwishyura ubushyuhe: kirashobora gukora igice gishyushye cyo kwaguka kubuntu. Imiterere yifishi irashobora kugabanywamo:
① imitwe ireremba yubushyuhe: iyi ihinduranya ubushyuhe irashobora kwagurwa kubuntu kumpera imwe yicyapa, icyo bita "umutwe ureremba". Yifashisha urukuta rw'igituba kandi igikuta cy'ubushyuhe butandukanye ni kinini, umwanya wa bundle umwanya usukurwa. Nyamara, imiterere yacyo iraruhije, gutunganya no gukora ibicuruzwa biri hejuru.
② U-shusho yubushyuhe bwo guhinduranya ubushyuhe: ifite isahani imwe gusa, bityo umuyoboro urashobora kwidegembya kwaguka no kwandura iyo ushushe cyangwa ukonje. Imiterere yiyi mpinduka yubushyuhe iroroshye, ariko akazi ko gukora inganda ni nini, kandi kubera ko umuyoboro ukeneye kugira radiyo runaka igoramye, ikoreshwa rya plaque ya tube irakennye, umuyoboro usukurwa muburyo bwa tekinike bigoye gusenya no gusimbuza imiyoboro ntabwo byoroshye, bityo birasabwa kunyura mumiyoboro yamazi. Ihinduranya ry'ubushyuhe rirashobora gukoreshwa muguhindura ubushyuhe bunini, ubushyuhe bwinshi cyangwa ibihe byinshi.
③ gupakira agasanduku k'ubwoko bwo guhanahana ubushyuhe: ifite uburyo bubiri, bumwe buri mu isahani ya tube ku mpera ya buri muyoboro ifite kashe yo gupakira kugira ngo harebwe niba kwaguka no kugabanuka k'umuyoboro ku buntu, iyo umubare w'igituba mu guhinduranya ubushyuhe ari muto cyane, mbere yo gukoresha iyi miterere, ariko intera iri hagati y'igituba kuruta uburyo rusange bwo guhinduranya ubushyuhe kugira ngo binini, binini. Ubundi buryo bukozwe mumutwe umwe wigituba nigikonoshwa kireremba hejuru, ahantu hareremba ukoresheje kashe yose yapakiwe, imiterere iroroshye, ariko iyi miterere ntabwo yoroshye kuyikoresha mugihe cya diameter nini, umuvuduko mwinshi. Kwuzuza agasanduku k'ubwoko bw'ubushyuhe ntibikoreshwa ubu.
II. Gusubiramo imiterere y'ibishushanyo:
1. Igishushanyo mbonera cyo guhindura ubushyuhe, uyikoresha agomba gutanga imiterere ikurikira (ibipimo byimikorere):
① tube, shell progaramu ikora igitutu (nkimwe mubisabwa kugirango umenye niba ibikoresho biri mwishuri, bigomba gutangwa)
② tube, shell programme ikora ubushyuhe (inlet / outlet)
Temper Ubushyuhe bw'urukuta rw'icyuma (ubarwa n'inzira (zitangwa n'umukoresha))
Name Izina ry'umubiri n'ibiranga
Mar Impera ya ruswa
NumberUmubare wa gahunda
Ahantu ho kohereza ubushyuhe
Guhindura ubushyuhe bwa tube ibisobanuro, gahunda (inyabutatu cyangwa kare)
Isahani yububiko cyangwa umubare wibyapa
Material ibikoresho byo kubika hamwe nubunini (kugirango tumenye icyicaro cyizina cyerekana uburebure)
(11) Irangi.
Ⅰ. Niba umukoresha afite ibisabwa byihariye, umukoresha gutanga ikirango, ibara
Ⅱ. Abakoresha ntabwo basabwa bidasanzwe, abashushanya ubwabo batoranijwe
2. Ibintu byinshi byingenzi byashizweho
Pressure Umuvuduko ukoreshwa: nkimwe mubisabwa kugirango umenye niba ibikoresho byashyizwe mubikorwa, bigomba gutangwa.
Ibiranga ibintu: niba uyikoresha adatanga izina ryibikoresho agomba gutanga urwego rwuburozi bwibintu.
Kuberako uburozi bwikigereranyo bufitanye isano no gukurikirana bidasenya ibikoresho, kuvura ubushyuhe, urwego rwo kubabarirwa kurwego rwo hejuru rwibikoresho, ariko kandi bijyanye no kugabana ibikoresho:
a, GB150 10.8.2.1 (f) ibishushanyo byerekana ko kontineri ifite uburyo bubi cyane cyangwa bubi cyane bwuburozi 100% RT.
b, 10.4.1.3 ibishushanyo byerekana ko kontineri zifite itangazamakuru rishobora guteza akaga cyane cyangwa rishobora guteza akaga cyane uburozi rigomba kuba nyuma yo gusudira ubushyuhe (ingingo zasuditswe zicyuma cya austenitike zidafite ingese ntizishobora kuvurwa ubushyuhe)
c. Kubabarirwa. Gukoresha uburozi buciriritse kubibagirwa bikabije cyangwa byangiza cyane bigomba kuba byujuje ibyangombwa byo mu cyiciro cya III cyangwa IV.
Ibiranga imiyoboro:
Ibyuma bikoreshwa cyane bya karubone φ19 × 2, φ25 × 2.5, φ32 × 3, φ38 × 5
Ibyuma bitagira umwanda φ19 × 2, φ25 × 2, φ32 × 2.5, φ38 × 2.5
Gutunganya ubushyuhe bwo guhinduranya ubushyuhe: mpandeshatu, mpandeshatu, kare, kare.
★ Mugihe isuku yubukanishi isabwa hagati yigituba cyo guhinduranya ubushyuhe, hagomba gukoreshwa gahunda ya kare.
1. Gushushanya igitutu, ubushyuhe bwo gushushanya, gusudira hamwe
2. Diameter: DN <400 silinderi, gukoresha umuyoboro wibyuma.
DN sil 400 silinderi, ukoresheje icyuma kizunguruka.
16 "umuyoboro w'icyuma ------ hamwe n'umukoresha kugirango baganire ku ikoreshwa ry'icyuma kizunguruka.
3. Igishushanyo mbonera:
Ukurikije aho ubushyuhe bwoherezwa, ubushyuhe bwo kohereza ubushyuhe kugirango ushushanye igishushanyo mbonera kugirango umenye umubare wogukwirakwiza ubushyuhe.
Niba umukoresha atanga igishushanyo mbonera, ariko nanone kugirango asuzume imiyoboro iri muruziga ntarengwa.
Ihame ryo gushyira imiyoboro:
(1) muruziga ntarengwa rugomba kuba rwuzuye umuyoboro.
② umubare wumuyoboro mwinshi ugomba kugerageza kuringaniza umubare wimitsi.
Tube Umuyoboro uhindura ubushyuhe ugomba gutondekwa neza.
4. Ibikoresho
Iyo isahani yigitereko ubwayo ifite urutugu rwa convex kandi ihujwe na silinderi (cyangwa umutwe), hagomba gukoreshwa impimbano. Bitewe no gukoresha imiterere nkiyi ya plaque isanzwe ikoreshwa kumuvuduko mwinshi, gutwikwa, guturika, nuburozi mubihe bikabije, bishobora guteza akaga gakomeye, ibisabwa cyane kubisahani, icyuma nacyo kiba kinini. Kugirango wirinde urutugu rwa convex kugirango rutange slag, gusibanganya, no kunoza imiterere yibitugu bya fibre ya convex, kugabanya ubwinshi bwo gutunganya, ibikoresho byo kuzigama, igitugu cya convex hamwe nicyapa cya tube cyahimbwe muburyo butaziguye bwo gukora plaque.
5. Guhindura ubushyuhe no guhuza plaque
Umuyoboro mu isahani ihuza, mugushushanya ibishishwa hamwe nubushyuhe bwo guhinduranya ni igice cyingenzi cyimiterere. Ntabwo atunganya gusa akazi, kandi agomba gukora buri sano mugukoresha ibikoresho kugirango yizere ko imiyoboro idatemba kandi ihangane nubushobozi bwo hagati.
Umuyoboro wa tube na tube ni inzira eshatu zikurikira: kwaguka; gusudira; c kwagura gusudira
Kwagura ibishishwa hamwe nigituba hagati yamakuru yatangajwe ntabwo bizatera ingaruka mbi zikibazo, cyane cyane kubikoresho byo gusudira ni bibi (nkumuyoboro wa karuboni woguhindura ibyuma) kandi imirimo yuruganda rukora ni nini cyane.
Bitewe no kwaguka kwiherezo ryumuyoboro muguhindura plastike yo gusudira, habaho guhangayika gusigara, hamwe no kuzamuka kwubushyuhe, guhangayikishwa n’ibisigisigi bigenda bishira buhoro buhoro, ku buryo iherezo ryumuyoboro rigabanya uruhare rwo gufunga no guhuza, bityo kwaguka kwubatswe n’umuvuduko n’ubushyuhe bukabije, muri rusange bikurikizwa n’umuvuduko ukabije ≤ 4Mpa, igishushanyo cy’ubushyuhe bukabije nta gipimo cya dogere ≤ 300.
Guhuza gusudira bifite ibyiza byo gukora byoroshye, gukora neza no guhuza kwizewe. Binyuze mu gusudira, umuyoboro ujya ku isahani ufite uruhare runini mu kwiyongera; kandi irashobora kugabanya ibyifuzo byo gutunganya imiyoboro, kubika igihe cyo gutunganya, kubungabunga byoroshye nibindi byiza, bigomba gukoreshwa nkibyingenzi.
Byongeye kandi, iyo uburozi buciriritse ari bunini cyane, uburyo hamwe nikirere bivanze Byoroshye guturika hagati ni radio ikora cyangwa imbere ndetse no hanze y’ibikoresho byo kuvanga bizagira ingaruka mbi, kugirango harebwe ko ingingo zifunze, ariko nanone zikoresha uburyo bwo gusudira. Uburyo bwo gusudira, nubwo ibyiza bya benshi, kubera ko adashobora kwirinda rwose "kwangirika kwangirika" hamwe no gusudira imitwe yo kwangirika kwangirika, kandi urukuta ruto ruto hamwe nisahani yinini biragoye kubona gusudira kwizewe hagati.
Uburyo bwo gusudira burashobora kuba ubushyuhe burenze ubwiyongere, ariko mugihe cyibikorwa byubushyuhe bwo hejuru bwikurikiranya, gusudira birashobora kwibasirwa cyane no gucika umunaniro, icyuho nu mwobo, iyo bikorewe itangazamakuru ryangirika, kugirango byihute kwangirika kwingingo. Kubwibyo, hariho gusudira no kwagura ingingo zikoreshwa icyarimwe. Ibi ntibitezimbere gusa kunanirwa kunanirwa kwingingo, ahubwo binagabanya impengamiro yo kwangirika kwa crevice, bityo ubuzima bwumurimo ni muremure cyane kuruta iyo gusudira byonyine bikoreshwa.
Mubihe bihe bibereye gushyira mubikorwa byo gusudira no kwagura hamwe nuburyo, ntamahame amwe. Mubisanzwe mubushuhe ntabwo buri hejuru cyane ariko igitutu ni kinini cyane cyangwa uburyo bworoshye biroroshye kumeneka, gukoresha imbaraga zo kwagura imbaraga hamwe no gufunga kashe (gusudira kashe bivuga gusa kwirinda gukumira no gushyira mubikorwa gusudira, kandi ntabwo byemeza imbaraga).
Iyo umuvuduko nubushyuhe biri hejuru cyane, gukoresha imbaraga zo gusudira no kwagura paste, (gusudira imbaraga niyo nubwo gusudira kwaba gufatanye, ariko kandi kugirango harebwe niba urugingo rufite imbaraga nini zingana, mubisanzwe bivuga imbaraga za weld zingana nimbaraga zumuyoboro munsi yumutwaro wa axe mugihe cyo gusudira). Uruhare rwo kwaguka ni ugukuraho cyane kwangirika no kunaniza umunaniro wa weld. Ibipimo byihariye byuburyo busanzwe (GB / T151) byateganijwe, ntabwo bizajya birambuye hano.
Kubisabwa umwobo wubuso busabwa:
A.
b.
III. Kubara
1.
2. Kubara gushimangira umwobo
Igikonoshwa ukoresheje ibyuma bya sisitemu, birasabwa gukoresha imbaraga zose (kongera uburebure bwa silinderi cyangwa gukoresha umuyoboro wuzuye urukuta); kubisanduku binini cyane kumwobo munini kugirango harebwe ubukungu muri rusange.
Ntayindi mbaraga igomba kuba yujuje ibisabwa ningingo nyinshi:
Pressure igitutu cyo gushushanya ≤ 2.5Mpa;
Intera Hagati hagati yimyobo ibiri yegeranye ntigomba kuba munsi yikubye kabiri igiteranyo cya diameter yimyobo yombi;
Diameter Nominal diameter yabakiriye ≤ 89mm;
Gufata uburebure buke bwurukuta rugomba kuba Imbonerahamwe 8-1 ibisabwa (fata intera ya ruswa ya 1mm).
3. Flange
Ibikoresho bya flange ukoresheje flange isanzwe bigomba kwitondera flange na gasketi, ibifunga bihuye, bitabaye ibyo flange igomba kubarwa. Kurugero, andika flange yo gusudira muburyo busanzwe hamwe na gasketi ihuye na gasike yoroshye itari icyuma; mugihe ikoreshwa rya gaze ihindagurika igomba kubarwa kuri flange.
4. Isahani
Ukeneye kwitondera ibibazo bikurikira:
Temperature Ubushyuhe bwo gushushanya icyapa: Ukurikije ibivugwa muri GB150 na GB / T151, bigomba gufatwa bitari munsi yubushyuhe bwicyuma cyibigize, ariko mukubara icyapa cyigituba ntigishobora kwemeza ko uruhare rwigituba rutunganya uruhare rwibitangazamakuru, kandi ubushyuhe bwicyuma bwicyapa kiragoye kubara, mubusanzwe bifatwa kuruhande rwo hejuru rwubushyuhe bwubushakashatsi bwubushyuhe bwa plaque.
Exchang Guhindura ubushyuhe bwinshi-mumashanyarazi: murwego rwo guhuza imiyoboro, kubera gukenera gushyiraho spacer groove hamwe na karuvati yinkoni kandi ntibyananiwe gushyigikirwa nubushyuhe bwo guhanahana amakuru Ad: GB / T151.
ThicknessUbugari bukomeye bwa plaque
Umubyimba mwiza wibisahani byerekana imiyoboro itandukanya itandukanyirizo ryumubyimba wibibyimba bya plaque ukuyemo igiteranyo cyibintu bibiri bikurikira.
a, imiyoboro yangirika irenze ubujyakuzimu bwubujyakuzimu bw'igice cya divayi igabana igice
b.
5. Kwagura ingingo zashyizweho
Mumuyoboro uhoraho hamwe nisahani ihinduranya ubushyuhe, bitewe nubushyuhe bwubushyuhe buri hagati yamazi yo mumazi yigituba nigituba cyamazi ya tube, hamwe noguhindura ubushyuhe hamwe nigikonoshwa hamwe nigitereko cya plaque ihuza neza, kuburyo mugukoresha leta, itandukaniro ryikwirakwizwa nigituba kibaho hagati yigikonoshwa nigituba, igikonjo nigituba kugeza umutwaro wa axial. Kugirango wirinde kwangirika kwi shitingi nubushyuhe, guhungabanya ubushyuhe, umuyoboro uhindura ubushyuhe uva kuri plaque ukuramo, ugomba gushyirwaho ingingo zo kwaguka kugirango ugabanye igikonoshwa nubushyuhe bwo guhinduranya ubushyuhe.
Mubisanzwe mugikonoshwa no guhinduranya ubushyuhe bwurukuta itandukaniro ni rinini, ukeneye gutekereza gushyiraho kwaguka kwagutse, mukubara plaque ya plate, ukurikije itandukaniro ryubushyuhe hagati yimiterere itandukanye isanzwe ibarwa σt, σc, q, imwe murimwe itujuje ibyangombwa, birakenewe kongera ubwiyongere bwagutse.
σt - guhangayikishwa na axial yubushyuhe bwo guhinduranya ubushyuhe
σc - igikonoshwa cya silinderi ya axial stress
q - Umuyoboro uhindura ubushyuhe hamwe na plaque ya plaque ihuza imbaraga zo gukuramo
IV. Igishushanyo mbonera
1. Agasanduku k'umuyoboro
(1) Uburebure bw'agasanduku
a. Ubujyakuzimu bw'imbere
① kugeza gufungura umuyoboro umwe wumuyoboro wibisanduku, ubujyakuzimu ntarengwa hagati yo gufungura ntibugomba kuba munsi ya 1/3 cya diametre yimbere yabakiriye;
Ubujyakuzimu bw'imbere n'inyuma bw'amasomo ya pipe bigomba kwemeza ko ahantu ntarengwa hazenguruka hagati y’amasomo yombi hatari munsi yikubye 1,3 agace kazenguruka k'umuyoboro uhindura ubushyuhe kuri buri somo;
b, ntarengwa imbere imbere
Reba niba ari byiza gusudira no gusukura ibice by'imbere, cyane cyane kuri diameter nominal ya mato mato mato mato mato.
(2) Gutandukanya gahunda ya gahunda
Umubyimba no gutondekanya ibice ukurikije GB151 Imbonerahamwe ya 6 nishusho ya 15, kubwubugari burenze 10mm bwigice, ubuso bwa kashe bugomba gutondekwa kugeza 10mm; kumuyoboro wubushyuhe wa tube, igice kigomba gushyirwaho kumwobo wamarira (umwobo wamazi), umwobo wamazi ni 6mm.
2. Igikonoshwa nigituba
Urwego rwa bundle urwego
Ⅰ, Ⅱ urwego rwa bundle bundle, gusa kubyuma bya karubone, ibyuma bito bito byoguhindura ubushyuhe bwimyanya yimbere murugo, haracyari "urwego rwo hejuru" na "urwego rusanzwe" rwateye imbere. Iyo umuyoboro woguhindura ubushyuhe murugo ushobora gukoreshwa "umuyoboro" wicyuma, ibyuma bya karubone, ibyuma bisohora ibyuma bisohora ibyuma ntibigomba kugabanywa Ⅰ na Ⅱ urwego!
.
Icyiciro Ⅰ tube bundle y'ibisabwa bisobanutse neza, kubituba bitagira umuyonga ibyuma, gusa Ⅰ tube bundle; kubisanzwe bikoreshwa mubyuma bya karubone
Pl Isahani
a, umwobo wubunini butandukanye
Reba itandukaniro riri hagati ya Ⅰ, Ⅱ urwego tube bundle
b, porogaramu igabana ibice
Ubujyakuzimu bwahantu muri rusange ntabwo buri munsi ya 4mm
Sub sub-programme igabana ahantu hagari: ibyuma bya karubone 12mm; ibyuma bitagira umwanda 11mm
Ⅲ umunota uringaniye igice cyo gutandukanya inguni ya chamfering muri rusange ni dogere 45, ubugari bwa chamfering b bingana na radiyo R yimfuruka yumunota wa minisiteri.
Isahani
a. Ingano yumwobo: itandukanijwe nurwego rwa bundle
b, umuheto wikubye isahani yuburebure
Uburebure bwa notch bugomba kuba kugirango amazi anyuze mu cyuho hamwe nigipimo cyurugendo rwambukiranya umuyoboro usa nuburebure bwa notch muri rusange ufatwa inshuro 0,20-0.45 inshuro ya diametre yimbere yimbere yu mfuruka, uruzitiro rusanzwe ruciwe kumurongo wumuyoboro munsi yumurongo rwagati cyangwa ugacibwa mumirongo ibiri yimyobo iri hagati yikiraro gito (kugirango byorohereze kwambara umuyoboro).
c. Icyerekezo
Inzira imwe isukuye amazi, hejuru no hepfo gahunda;
Gazi irimo amazi make, iterekeje hejuru ugana igice cyo hasi cyisahani yikinguye kugirango ufungure icyambu;
Amazi arimo gaze nkeya, umanuke werekeza ku gice cyo hejuru cya plaque kugirango ufungure icyambu
Kubana na gazi-amazi cyangwa amazi arimo ibikoresho bikomeye, icyerekezo ibumoso n'iburyo, hanyuma fungura icyambu cyamazi ahantu habi cyane
d. Umubyimba ntarengwa wibisahani; ntarengwa idashyigikiwe
e. Isahani yikubye kumpande zombi za tube bundle yegereye ibishoboka byose mugikonoshwa cyinjira no gusohoka.
Inkoni
a, diameter n'umubare w'inkoni
Diameter n'umubare ukurikije imbonerahamwe ya 6-32, 6-33, kugirango harebwe niba birenze cyangwa bingana nigice cyambukiranya igice cyambukiranya inkoni ya karuvati yatanzwe mu mbonerahamwe ya 6-33 hashingiwe kuri diameter n'umubare w'inkoni za karuvati zishobora guhinduka, ariko umurambararo wacyo ntuzaba munsi ya 10mm, umubare utari munsi ya bane
b, inkoni ya karuvati igomba gutondekwa kimwe gishoboka mugice cyinyuma cyumuyoboro wa tube, kugirango hahindurwe ubushyuhe bunini bwa diametre, ahantu h'umuyoboro cyangwa hafi y’icyuho cy’ibisahani bigomba gutondekwa mu mubare ukwiye w’inkoni za karuvati, isahani iyo ari yo yose igomba kuba munsi y’ingingo 3 zifasha.
c. Ihambire inkoni, abakoresha bamwe bakeneye ibikurikira hamwe no gusudira isahani
Pl Isahani irwanya flush
a. Gushiraho plaque anti-flush ni ukugabanya ikwirakwizwa ryamazi ataringaniye hamwe nisuri ryumuyoboro uhindura ubushyuhe.
b. Gukosora uburyo bwo kurwanya isahani
Mugihe gishoboka gishyizwe mumatongo yagenwe cyangwa hafi yicyapa cya plaque ya mbere yikubye, mugihe igikonoshwa cyimbere giherereye mumukoni udakosowe kuruhande rwa plaque, plaque anti-scrambling irashobora gusudira mumubiri wa silinderi
(6) Gushiraho ingingo zo kwaguka
a. Biri hagati yimpande zombi zisahani
Kugirango ugabanye guhangana n’amazi yo kwaguka, nibiba ngombwa, mugice cyo kwaguka imbere imbere yigitereko cyumurongo, umuyoboro wa liner ugomba gusudira mugikonoshwa werekeza kumugezi wamazi, kugirango uhinduranya ubushyuhe buhagaze, mugihe amazi atembera yerekeza hejuru, agomba gushyirwaho kumpera yo hepfo yumwobo wa liner tube.
b. Kwagura ingingo yibikoresho bikingira kugirango birinde ibikoresho murwego rwo gutwara cyangwa gukoresha gukurura ibibi
(vii) ihuriro riri hagati yicyapa nigikonoshwa
a. Kwaguka byikubye kabiri nka flange
b. Isahani y'umuyoboro idafite flange (GB151 Umugereka G)
3. Umuyoboro w'icyuma:
① gushushanya ubushyuhe burenze cyangwa bungana na dogere 300, bigomba gukoreshwa butt flange.
② kubushyuhe ntibishobora gukoreshwa kugirango ufate intera kugirango ureke kandi usohoke, bigomba gushyirwa muri tube, ahantu hirengeye h'igikonoshwa cya maraso, ingingo yo hasi yicyambu gisohora, diameter ntoya ya nomero 20mm.
Guhinduranya ubushyuhe burashobora gushyirwaho icyambu cyuzuye.
4. Inkunga: amoko ya GB151 ukurikije ibivugwa mu ngingo ya 5.20.
5. Ibindi bikoresho
Kuzamura imitsi
Ubwiza burenze 30Kg agasanduku k'isanduku hamwe n'umuyoboro w'isanduku bigomba gushyirwaho.
Wire wire
Kugirango byoroherezwe gusenya agasanduku k'umuyoboro, igipfundikizo cy'isanduku, kigomba gushyirwa ku kibaho cyemewe, agasanduku k'isanduku itwikiriye insinga zo hejuru.
V. Gukora, ibisabwa byo kugenzura
1. Isahani
① gutondekanya igituba cya plate ihuza ingingo ya 100% yo kugenzura imirasire cyangwa UT, urwego rwujuje ibyangombwa: RT: Ⅱ UT: Ⅰ urwego;
Usibye ibyuma bitagira umwanda, ucometse ku miyoboro ya plaque ihangayikishijwe no kuvura ubushyuhe;
③ Umuyoboro wa plaque umwobo wubugari gutandukana: ukurikije formula yo kubara ubugari bwikiraro: B = (S - d) - D1
Ubugari ntarengwa bw'ikiraro: B = 1/2 (S - d) + C;
2. Gutunganya ubushyuhe bwa tube:
Ibyuma bya karubone, ibyuma biciriritse bisudira hamwe bigabanijwemo ibice bigabanyijemo agasanduku k'umuyoboro, kimwe n'agasanduku k'umuyoboro wafunguye impande zirenga 1/3 cy'umurambararo w'imbere w'isanduku ya silinderi, mu rwego rwo gusudira kugirango habeho ubushyuhe bwo kugabanya ubushyuhe, flange hamwe n'ubuso bwa kashe bigomba gutunganywa nyuma yo kuvura ubushyuhe.
3. Ikizamini cy'ingutu
Iyo igikonoshwa cyibishushanyo mbonera kiri munsi yumuvuduko wigituba, kugirango ugenzure ubwiza bwimyanya ihinduranya ubushyuhe hamwe na plaque ihuza
Shell progaramu ya progaramu kugirango yongere umuvuduko wikizamini hamwe na progaramu ya pipe ijyanye nikizamini cya hydraulic, kugirango urebe niba imyanda iva mu miyoboro. .
② Iyo uburyo bwavuzwe haruguru budakwiriye, igikonoshwa kirashobora kuba hydrostatike ikurikije umuvuduko wambere nyuma yo gutsinda, hanyuma igikonoshwa cyo gupima amoniya cyangwa ikizamini cya halogen.
VI. Ibibazo bimwe na bimwe bigomba kwitonderwa ku mbonerahamwe
1. Erekana urwego rwa bundle
2. Ubushyuhe bwo guhinduranya ubushyuhe bugomba kuba bwanditseho nimero
3. Umuyoboro wa plaque uhuza umurongo hanze yumurongo ufunze
4. Igishushanyo cyinteko kigomba gushyirwaho icyapa cyerekana icyuho
5
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ukwakira-11-2023