1. Womic Steel: Ubushobozi bwo gukora n'imbaraga z'ikigo
Womic Steel Group ni uruganda rukomeye rukora ibintu bitandukanye kandi rutumiza mu mahanga ku isi rufite ubunararibonye bw'imyaka irenga 20 mu gukora ibikoresho bya karuboni, alloy, na stainless steel tubular. Urwego rwacu rugezweho rwo gukora imiyoboro ya SSAW rufite ubushobozi bwo gukora imiyoboro irenga toni 15.000 buri kwezi, rukora imiyoboro y'ibyuma ikoreshwa mu mazi, mu nyanja no mu mishinga y'ishingiro ry'amazi ku isi.
Ingano y'umusaruro w'ikirundo cy'imiyoboro y'icyuma ya SSAW:Ubugari bwo hanze kuva kuri 508mm kugeza kuri 3.000mm (santimetero 20 kugeza kuri 120) bwo gukora SSAW. Ubunini bw'urukuta kuva kuri 6.0mm kugeza kuri 25.4mm. Uburebure bumwe kuva kuri 6m kugeza kuri 18m, hamwe n'uburebure bwihariye kugeza kuri 60m buboneka ku mishinga y'urufatiro rwimbitse.
Ibyemezo by'Ubuziranenge n'Iyubahirizwa ry'Amategeko:
ISO 9001:2015 Yemejwe:Sisitemu yo gucunga ubuziranenge yo gukora imiyoboro yo gukurura no kugenzura ubuziranenge, igenzura ubuziranenge bw'ibicuruzwa kandi igakomeza kunoza ibikorwa byose by'inganda.
Uruhushya rwa API 5L / API 2B Monogram:Womic Steel ifite uruhushya rwa API 5L rwo gukora imiyoboro ya Line Pipe n'uruhushya rwa API 2B rwo gukora imiyoboro y'ibyuma by'ubwubatsi mu mazi. API Monogram igaragaza ko twiyemeje kubahiriza amahame yo hejuru y'inganda ku miyoboro yo mu mazi. Igenzura rya buri gihe rya API rituma dukomeza kubahiriza ibisabwa.
Ikimenyetso cya CE (PED 2014/68/EU):Imiyoboro yacu yo gukurura irakurikiza amabwiriza y’ibikoresho by’umuvuduko by’i Burayi (PED) 2014/68/EU. Ikimenyetso cya CE kiraboneka iyo ubisabye kugira ngo byorohereze imisoro ya gasutamo no kwemerwa kw’umushinga mu Karere k’Ubukungu bw’i Burayi (EEA). Itangazo ry’Imikorere (DoP) ritangwa ku bicuruzwa bisanzwe bya EN.
Icyemezo cya EN 10204 3.2:Uretse ibyemezo bisanzwe bya 2.2 na 3.1 Mill Test Certificates, dutanga ibicuruzwa bifite icyemezo cy’ubugenzuzi 3.2, byemejwe n’inzego z’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi (TÜV, LR, BV, SGS) ku mishinga y’ingenzi yo mu mazi n’iy’ibanze isaba gukurikirana ibikoresho byuzuye no kugenzura ku giti cyabyo.
Ibyemezo by’Ubugenzuzi bw’Uruhande rwa Gatatu (TPI):Ibicuruzwa byacu n'uburyo dukora byemezwa kandi bigagenzurwa n'ibigo bikomeye mpuzamahanga n'imiryango ikora ibijyanye no gutondeka ibintu irimo SGS, BV, ABS, LR, DNV, GL, na TÜV. Ibi byemezo bigaragaza ubushobozi bwacu bwo gutanga imiyoboro yo gutondeka ibintu mu mishinga yo mu mazi no mu nyanja igenzurwa na sosiyete.
Izindi mpamyabumenyi zihari:
ISO 14001:2015(Sisitemu yo gucunga ibidukikije) -- Yiyemeje gukora ibikorwa birambye byo mu nganda
ISO 45001:2018(Sisitemu yo gucunga ubuzima n'umutekano mu kazi) -- Guharanira ko ahantu hakorerwa harangwa umutekano
FPC (Igenzura ry'Umusaruro w'Uruganda)kuri EN 10248 / EN 10219 -- Kwiyemeza ko ikimenyetso cya CE gihuye n'ibyo
NORSOK M-650(Igipimo ngenderwaho cya Noruveje ku bikoresho by'icyuma) -- Biboneka ku mishinga yo mu Nyanja ya Ruguru yo mu nkengero z'inyanja
Kumenyekana ku Isi:Womic Steel ni umucuruzi wizewe w’abakora EPC ku isi, abayobozi b’ibyambu, amasosiyete y’ubwubatsi bwo mu mazi, n’abakora fondasiyo, ikorera ibihugu birenga 80 byo mu majyepfo y’uburasirazuba bwa Aziya, u Burayi, u Burasirazuba bwo Hagati, Afurika, na Amerika.
2. ASTM A252 GR.3: Imiterere y'ibikoresho n'imikorere yabyo
ASTM A252 GR.3ni ibipimo ngenderwaho by’Abanyamerika ku miyoboro y’ibyuma ishongeshejwe kandi idasobekeranye. Inyito ya "GR.3" igaragaza Icyiciro cya 3, gifite imbaraga nyinshi zisabwa mu byiciro bitatu bya ASTM A252 (GR.1, GR.2, GR.3). Icyiciro cya 3 gitanga imbaraga nkeya za 345 MPa (50.000 psi), bigatuma ari cyo gihitamo cyiza cyane ku musingi muremure, kubumba imigozi yo mu mazi, no gukoresha imizigo iremereye aho bikenewe ko inyubako ikomera cyane.
ASTM A252 GR.3 yagenewe by'umwihariko gukoresha mu gukurura, itanga ubushobozi bwo gusudira neza mu gukurura mu murima, gukomera neza mu bushyuhe buke mu bidukikije byo mu nyanja, no kuba iyoroheje bihagije kugira ngo ihangane n'imihangayiko yo gutwara mu gihe cyo gushyiraho ikirundo. Ugereranyije n'imiterere isanzwe nka A36, iki gipimo cyo gukurura gitanga ubushobozi bwo gutwara imizigo bwinshi cyane, bigatuma uburebure bw'ikirundo burushaho kwiyongera kandi ingano yacyo igabanuka.
Ibikubiye mu binyabutabire (Isesengura ry'inkombe, % ku bunini):
| Igice | ASTM A252 GR.3 (Ntarengwa %) |
| C | 0.26 |
| Mn | 1.35 |
| P | 0.040 |
| S | 0.050 |
| Si | --- |
| Cu | --- |
Icyitonderwa: ASTM A252 GR.3 yagenewe gukoreshwa mu gukurura ibintu hamwe n’ubushobozi bworoshye bwo kwihanganira imivuduko yo gutwara ibintu nta gucika. Ingano ya karuboni (CEV) isanzwe igenzurwa kugira ngo irebe ko ishobora gusudira neza mu murima kugira ngo ifatanye n’ibirundo.
Imiterere ya mekanike (Ubushyuhe bw'icyumba):
| Umutungo | ASTM A252 GR.3 |
| Imbaraga z'umusaruro (iminota) | 345 MPa (50,000 psi) |
| Imbaraga zo Gufata (iminota) | 455 MPa (66,000 psi) |
| Uburebure (iminota) | 20% (kuri 50mm gauge) |
| Ubukomere bw'Ingaruka | Ntabwo byavuzwe (ni ngombwa) |
*Icyitonderwa: Ku birebana n'ibikoresho byo mu mazi bisaba gukomera ku bushyuhe buke, ibizamini by'inyongera bishobora gusobanurwa nk'ibisabwa ku bushake. Ibizamini by'ingaruka kuri 0°C, -20°C, cyangwa -40°C biraboneka iyo ubisabye.*
Igereranya ry'ibyiciro by'imiyoboro ya ASTM A252 Piling Piling:
| Icyiciro | Imbaraga z'umusaruro (MPa) | Imbaraga zo Gukurura (MPa) | Uburyo busanzwe bwo gukoresha |
| GR.1 | 205 | 345 | Umusingi woroheje, imigozi migufi |
| GR.2 | 240 | 415 | Umutwaro uringaniye, umusingi w'inyubako |
| GR.3 | 345 | 455 | Umutwaro uremereye, wo mu mazi, urufatiro rurerure |
Icyitonderwa: Ku mishinga ikomeye cyane yo mu mazi isaba imbaraga nyinshi zo gutwara no kwinjira mu mazi menshi, ASTM A252 GR.3 ni yo isabwa.
3. Iyubahirizwa ry'ibipimo n'amahame ngenderwaho
Womic Steel itanga imiyoboro y'icyuma ya ASTM A252 GR.3 SSAW mu buryo bwagutse, ikurikije neza amabwiriza mpuzamahanga ya ASTM A252 n'ibindi bipimo ngenderwaho. Uburyo bwa SSAW (Spiral Submerged Arc Welded) ni bwiza cyane mu gukoresha uburebure bunini bw'umurambararo.
| Ikintu | Ibisobanuro |
| Igisanzwe | ASTM A252 (GR.1, GR.2, GR.3) |
| Uburyo bwo gukora | SSAW (Umurongo Urimo Ingufu Usutswe mu Mutwe) - 508mm-3,000mm OD |
| Intera y'Ubugari bwo Hanze | 508mm – 3,000mm (20" – 120") |
| Ubunini bw'urukuta | 6.0mm – 25.4mm |
| Intera y'uburebure | Uburebure busanzwe: 6m, 12m, 18m / Uburebure busanzwe: kugeza kuri 60m |
| Irangizwa rya nyuma | Impeta Isanzwe (PE) / Impeta Ifite Ibara Rito (BE) hamwe n'impeta z'icyuma zikozwe mu buryo bw'intagereranywa. |
| Kurangiza ubuso | Irimo ubusa / Irimo amavuta / Irimo umukara / 3PE / FBE / Epoxy y'amakara |
| Kwihanganirana | OD: ± 1.0% / Uburebure: -0% + 15% (ASTM) / Uburebure: + 50mm -0mm |
4. Ingano n'Ibisobanuro bihari - ASTM A252 GR.3 SSAW Umuyoboro w'Icyuma
Umuyoboro wo gukurura SSAW (508mm – 3,000mm OD)
| OD (mm) | Ubunini bw'urukuta (mm) Amahitamo | Uburemere (kg/m2) | Uburebure Busanzwe |
| 508 – 610 | 6.0, 8.0, 10.0, 12.5, 14.0, 16.0, 18.0, 20.0, 22.0, 25.0 | 74.3 – 360.5 | 6m / 12m / 18m |
| 610 – 762 | 6.0, 8.0, 10.0, 12.5, 14.0, 16.0, 18.0, 20.0, 22.0, 25.0 | 89.4 – 454.3 | 6m / 12m / 18m |
| 762 – 914 | 6.0, 8.0, 10.0, 12.5, 14.0, 16.0, 18.0, 20.0, 22.0, 25.0 | 111.9 – 548.2 | 6m / 12m / 18m / 24m |
| 914 – 1.067 | 8.0, 10.0, 12.5, 14.0, 16.0, 18.0, 20.0, 22.0, 25.0 | 178.7 – 642.4 | 6m / 12m / 18m / 24m |
| 1.067 – 1.220 | 8.0, 10.0, 12.5, 14.0, 16.0, 18.0, 20.0, 22.0, 25.0 | 209.0 – 736.5 | 6m / 12m / 18m / 24m |
| 1.220 – 1.422 | 10.0, 12.5, 14.0, 16.0, 18.0, 20.0, 22.0, 25.0 | 298.4 – 859.8 | 6m / 12m / 18m / 24m |
| 1.422 – 1.625 | 10.0, 12.5, 14.0, 16.0, 18.0, 20.0, 22.0, 25.0 | 348.2 – 986.5 | 6m / 12m / 18m / 24m |
| 1.625 – 2.000 | 12.0, 14.0, 16.0, 18.0, 20.0, 22.0, 25.0 | 477.1 – 1.217.4 | 6m / 12m / 18m |
| 2,000 – 2,500 | 12.0, 14.0, 16.0, 18.0, 20.0, 22.0, 25.0 | 588.5 – 1.527.2 | 6m / 12m / 18m |
| 2,500 – 3,000 | 12.0, 14.0, 16.0, 18.0, 20.0, 22.0, 25.0 | 736.5 – 1.841.7 | 6m / 12m / 18m |
Icyitonderwa: Ingano zihariye hanze y'izi ntera ziraboneka iyo ubisabye. Ingano nini (kugeza kuri 3,500mm / 138") ziraboneka ku mishinga yihariye.
5. Imiyoboro Isanzwe yo Gupima, Amashanyarazi n'Amahame y'Ishingiro Byakozwe na Womic Steel
| Igisanzwe | Ibyiciro by'icyuma | Uburyo busanzwe bwo gukoresha |
| Amabwiriza ya ASTM yo Gupima Ibice | ||
| ASTM A252 | GR.1, GR.2, GR.3 | Imiyoboro y'ibyuma yo gushingiraho imizigo miremire, imigozi yo mu mazi |
| ASTM A500 | GR.A, GR.B, GR.C | Imiyoboro y'uruziga/kare yubatswe mu nyubako yo gukurura no gufunga |
| ASTM A501 | GR.A, GR.B | Imiyoboro y'ibyuma ishyushye yo gushyiramo ibintu |
| ASTM A690 | Icyiciro cy'umusare | Ibyuma birwanya ingese mu mazi yo mu nyanja |
| ASTM A572 | GR.42, GR.50, GR.60, GR.65 | Ubushyinguro bw'imiterere bufite imbaraga nyinshi kandi budafite aloyi nyinshi |
| ASTM A588 | GR.A, GR.B, GR.C | Inkingi z'icyuma zirimo umuyaga, urufatiro rw'ikiraro |
| Amahame ngenderwaho yo gupima EN | ||
| EN 10248 | S235GP, S275GP, S355GP | Ibikoresho by'icyuma bishyushye bizingiye hamwe n'ibikoresho by'imiyoboro |
| EN 10219 | S235JRH, S275JRH, S355JRH, S355J2H | Ibice by'ubukonje bifite imiterere ivanze n'ubukonje kugira ngo bishyirwemo |
| EN 10025 | S235JR, S275JR, S355JR, S355J2 | Icyuma gishyushye gikozwe mu byuma byo gukurura no gukoresha mu mazi |
| Amahame ya API | ||
| API 5L | GR.B, X42, X52, X65, X70 | Umuyoboro w'amazi ukoreshwa mu gukurura (ukunze kugaragara mu mazi) |
| API 2B | GR.42, GR.50, GR.60 | Imiyoboro y'icyuma yo mu mazi |
| Amahame ya JIS | ||
| JIS A5525 | SKK400, SKK490, SKK540 | Imiyoboro y'ibyuma ikoreshwa mu byambu n'inyubako zo mu mazi |
| JIS G3444 | STK290, STK400, STK490, STK540 | Imiyoboro y'icyuma cya karuboni yo gushyiramo ibintu mu buryo bw'inyubako |
Ikoreshwa:Gushinga imizigo miremire, gushinga imigozi yo mu mazi, gushingira urubuga rwo ku nkengero z'inyanja, kubaka icyambu n'icyambu, gushingira ikiraro, kurinda inkombe, gufunga amazi, sisitemu yo kugonga, ikirundo cy'ikoti, kubaka icyambu n'icyambu, gutunganya ubutaka, guhugura ku migezi, ubwubatsi bw'imiyoboro y'amazi, kubaka icyambu cy'amazi menshi, gushimangira imitingito, inkuta zirinda imiyaga, cofferdams, ishingiro rya caisson, ishingiro rya turbine y'umuyaga yo ku nkengero z'inyanja
6. Uburyo bwo gukora - Umuyoboro w'icyuma wa SSAW (Spiral Submerged Arc Welded)
Uburyo bwo gukora imiyoboro ya SSAW (508mm – 3,000mm OD):
Igenzura ry'ibikoresho fatizo (Coil):Ibyuma bishyushye bizunguruka byemezwa niba bifite imiterere ya shimi, imiterere ya mekanike, n'ubwiza bw'ubuso ukurikije ASTM A252 cyangwa ibisabwa n'umukiriya. Buri mekanike ihabwa inomero yihariye y'ubushyuhe kugira ngo irebe ko ibikoresho byose bikurikiranwa neza mu gihe cyose cyo gukora.
Gufungura no Kugena urwego:Ibyuma bishyirwa ku cyuma gisohora imvange hanyuma bigashyirwa mu mashini ipima neza kugira ngo umurongo ugororoke, bikureho imvange y’imvange kandi bibe byiza kimwe kugira ngo uruziga ruhore rumeze neza.
Gusya no Gukata Inkombe:Impande zombi z'icyuma zirebire zirasya kandi zigakatwa ku buryo bukwiye bwo kwihanganira ubugari (± 0.5mm). Gutegura impande bituma habaho ubuso busukuye kandi bungana n'ubw'ingenzi kugira ngo habeho ubudodo bwiza bwo kuzunguruka.
Gukora mu buryo bw'umwuka:Agace karinganiye gashyirwa mu mashini ikora uruziga ku nguni ya helix igenzurwa. Agace gahora gakozwe mu ishusho y'uruziga, impande zikaba zigororotse kugira ngo zisudirwe. Inguni ya helix irashobora guhindurwa kugira ngo igere ku bugari butandukanye bw'uruziga.
Gusudira imbere mu cyuma gishyushye (SAW):Umugozi w'imbere ushyirwamo ipamba hakoreshejwe ibikoresho byo gusudira byikora bifite umugozi uvanze neza n'insinga. Umutwe wo gusudira ushyirwa imbere mu muyoboro kugira ngo winjire neza.
Gusudira Umugozi wo hanze winjijwe mu mazi (SAW):Umugozi wo hanze uhambirwa ako kanya nyuma yo gusudira imbere, hakoreshejwe ibikoresho byo gusudira byikora. Isudi yo hanze irangiza isudi yo kwinjira yose kandi igatanga imbaraga ziyongereye.
Gukata kugeza ku burebure:Umuyoboro uhambiriye ukomeza ucukurwa ku buryo burambuye ukatwa ku burebure bwagenwe hakoreshejwe uburyo bwo gukata plasma cyangwa ogisijeni hakoreshejwe uburyo bwo kugenzura neza uburebure (+50mm -0mm kugira ngo umenye neza uko umeze).
Ikizamini Kidasenya (NDT):
Isuzuma rya Ultrasonic 100% (UT):Sisitemu ya UT yikora igenzura umugozi wose wa spiral weld n'umubiri wose w'umuyoboro wuzuye kugira ngo harebwe niba hari laminations, inclusions, kutagira fusion, n'ibindi bitagira aho bihurira.
Isuzuma rya Radiographic (RT):Isuzuma rya X-ray cyangwa gamma-ray ry'umushongi w'ubudozi (ahantu cyangwa uburebure bwose nk'uko byagaragajwe) kugira ngo harebwe ubwiza bw'ubudozi n'uburyo bukoreshwa.
Igenzura ry'uduce twa Magnetic Particles (MPI):Igenzura ry'amano yo gusonera n'agace kagizweho ingaruka n'ubushyuhe kugira ngo harebwe niba hari imiyoboro cyangwa aho bihagarara.
Gupima amazi (Uburyo bwo guhitamo):Iboneka iyo umukiriya abisabye kugira ngo akore porogaramu z’ingenzi zo gukusanya amakuru zisaba kugenzura ubuziranenge bw’umuvuduko.
Kurangiza:Impera zisanzwe (ziciwe kare) cyangwa impera zikozwe mu buryo bwa bevel (inguni ya bevel ya 30°-35°) nk'uko umukiriya abiteganya. Impeta z'icyuma zikozwe mu buryo bwa sacrifice zishobora guterwa ku mpera z'imiyoboro kugira ngo zirusheho kurindwa mu gihe cyo gukurura imigozi.
Igenzura rya nyuma n'ibimenyetso:Igenzura ry’amaso ku buso bw’ibinyabutabire, kugenzura imiterere y’ibipimo (OD, WT, uburebure, imiterere igororotse, uruziga), n’ikimenyetso gihoraho kuri ASTM A252 (harimo urwego, ingano, inomero y’ubushyuhe, n’indangamuntu y’uwakoze).
Ibyiza byo gukoresha SSAW mu gukurura imiyoboro:
1. Ubushobozi bwo gukora uburebure bunini cyane (kugeza kuri mm 3,000+) ukoresheje imiyoboro isanzwe y'ubugari
2. Uburyo buhoraho bwo gukora kugira ngo habeho umusaruro mwinshi
3. Ihendutse mu gukoresha uburebure bunini bw'ibirungo
4. Ituze kandi ikagira uburebure bwiza bwo gutwara
7. Uburyo bwo kugenzura ubuziranenge no gupima umuyoboro wa SSAW
| Urugendo | Uburyo bwo kugenzura | Intego |
| Ibikoresho fatizo (Coil) | Isesengura ry'ibinyabutabire (OES Spectrometer) | Kugenzura iyubahirizwa ry'imipaka y'ibikubiye muri ASTM A252 |
| Ibikoresho fatizo (Coil) | Isuzuma ry'umukandara | Genzura imbaraga z'umusaruro, imbaraga zo gukurura, uburebure |
| Ibikoresho fatizo (Coil) | Isuzuma rya Ultrasonic | Kumenya laminations z'imbere n'ibisembwa |
| Muri gahunda | Igenzura ry'ibipimo (Mikorometero) | Igenzura OD, WT mu gihe cyo gukora uruziga |
| Muri gahunda | Igenzura ry'itegurwa ry'inkombe | Emeza imiterere y'inkombe n'uburyo ihagaze |
| Agace ko gusudira | Isuzuma rya Ultrasonic (UT) - Kuri Interineti | Kumenya aho ubusitani buhagarara, kutagira aho buhurira |
| Agace ko gusudira | Isuzuma rya Radiographic (RT) | Genzura uburyo amazi yinjira, aho amazi yinjira, aho amazi yinjira n'aho ashyirwa mu kajagari |
| Agace ko gusudira | Igenzura ry'uduce twa Magnetic Particles (MPI) | Gupima imivuniko yo hejuru (gusudira na HAZ) |
| Umuyoboro warangiye | Igenzura ry'ibipimo | Genzura OD, WT, uburebure, ubutungane, uruziga |
| Umuyoboro warangiye | Isuzuma rya Hydrostatic (Ntabwo ari ngombwa) | Kugenzura ubuziranenge bw'igitutu ku bikorwa by'ingenzi |
| Umuyoboro warangiye | Ikizamini cya Konted Bend | Genzura ko ubushyuhe n'ubukonje bw'ibicuruzwa bisudishwa |
| Umuyoboro warangiye | Ikizamini cyo Kugorora | Genzura ko umuyoboro w'amazi ugenda neza kandi ko umeze neza |
| Umuyoboro warangiye | Ikizamini cy'ingaruka za Charpy V-Notch (Ntabwo ari ngombwa) | Emeza ko ubushyuhe buri hasi bushobora gukoreshwa mu mazi |
| Umuyoboro warangiye | Ikizamini cy'Ubukomere (Ntabwo ari ngombwa) | Emeza ubukana ntarengwa bwo gusudira |
| Umuyoboro warangiye | Igenzura ry'amaso n'ubuso | Reba niba hari inenge zo ku buso, imigozi, n'imivuniko |
| Umuyoboro warangiye | Igenzura ry'ibimenyetso | Menya neza ko ikimenyetso gihoraho gikurikizwa hakurikijwe ibipimo ngenderwaho |
Ibizamini by'ubushake ku busabe bw'ingenzi bwo mu mazi n'ubwo mu nyanja:
● Ikizamini cya CTOD (Crack Tip Opening Displacement) cyo kureba niba imvune ikomeye
● Ikizamini cya HIC (Hydrogen Induced Cracking) kuri NACE TM0284
● Ikizamini cya SSC (Sulfide Stress Cracking) kuri NACE TM0177
● Isuzuma ry'ingaruka ku bushyuhe buri hasi kuri -20°C, -40°C, cyangwa -60°C
● Gupima Ubukomere (HV10 cyangwa HRC) kugira ngo harebwe niba serivisi idafite akamaro
Inyandiko z'ubuziranenge:
● Icyemezo cy'ikizamini cy'inganda hakurikijwe EN 10204 Ubwoko bwa 2.2, 3.1, cyangwa 3.2
● Raporo y'ikizamini cya Ultrasonic (ubushyuhe n'umubiri)
● Raporo y'ikizamini cya radiyo (niba cyaravuzwe)
● Raporo y'igenzura ry'ibipimo
● Uburyo bwo gukurikirana kuva ku mubare w'ubushyuhe kugeza ku muyoboro warangiye
8. Porogaramu z'ibanze - ASTM A252 GR.3 SSAW Umuyoboro w'icyuma
Imiyoboro y'ibyuma ya ASTM A252 GR.3 SSAW ni ingenzi mu mishinga ikomeye y'urufatiro, ubwubatsi bw'amazi yo mu nyanja, n'imishinga ikomeye y'ubwubatsi bw'ibyatsi:
Gushyiramo urufatiro rwimbitse:Imigozi itwara imizigo ku nyubako ndende, ibiraro, inganda, n'inyubako ziremereye zikenera inkunga y'urufatiro rwimbitse. Ingufu nyinshi za GR.3 zemerera uburebure bw'ubutaka bwimbitse kandi ubushobozi bwo gutwara imizigo buri hejuru.
Umuryango w’Ihuriro ry’Abakozi bo mu Nyanja n’Abasohoka mu Nyanja:Imigozi y'ifatizo ku mbuga zirimo peteroli na gaze, imashini zicukura, imbuga zikora, n'ishingiro ry'imiyoboro y'umuyaga yo mu nyanja. Imigozi yo mu mazi igomba kwihanganira ingaruka z'imiraba, imbaraga z'umuraba, n'ibidukikije byo mu mazi yangiza.
Kubaka icyambu, icyambu n'icyambu:Gushyiramo ibikoresho byo mu bwoko bwa kontineri, ibyambu by’imizigo myinshi, aho abagenzi bahagarara, aho Ro-Ro ikorera, n’aho imizigo ihurira. Ibigo bitanga inkunga y’inyubako z’ubwato, aho dolphin zihambirira, n’aho dolphin zifungira amabere.
Umusingi w'ikiraro n'umuyoboro:Imigozi miremire y'ishingiro ry'insinga z'ibiraro, imiyoboro y'amashanyarazi, n'ishingiro ry'iminara y'ibiraro bigumamo insinga n'ibiraro bimanitse. Imigozi ijyana imizigo y'inyubako ku rwego rukwiye rw'ibirori.
Kurinda Inkombe n'Urukuta rw'Inyanja:Gutera inkuta z'inyanja, imitako y'inkombe, kurinda inkombe, no kurwanya isuri. Imiyoboro y'ibyuma itanga inkunga ikomeye ku nyubako z'ibikoresho by'intambara n'inkuta za beto.
Kubaka ububiko bw'amazi n'indege:Guteranya imitako y'amazi yo mu birundo by'ibitaka, imitako y'amazi yo mu nkuta ihagaze, imiyoboro y'amazi n'imirongo. Imitako itanga urufatiro ruhamye rw'inyubako zikuraho imiraba.
Inkunga ya sisitemu ya Fender:Ishyigikira imigozi yo gukoresha uburyo bwo gufunga ubwato mu mazi ku cyambu no ku nyubako zo gupakira ubwato. Imigozi ifata ingufu zo gupakira ubwato kandi ikarinda ubwato n'imiterere yabwo mu gihe cyo kubupakira.
Ikoti ry'umurundo w'ibikoresho bya peteroli na gaze:Guteranya inyubako z'ikoti zishyigikira imbuga zikora peteroli na gaze. Ibirundo binini by'umurambararo kandi binini binyuzwa mu maguru y'ikoti bigashyirwa mu mwanya wabyo.
Kuvugurura no Gutunganya Ubutaka Inkuta z'Inyanja:Gutera inkuta z'ubutaka zikoreshwa mu gusana inyubako zo kubungabunga ibidukikije, inkuta z'inyanja zikikije inkombe, n'inkuta zo gusana inkuta. Inkuta zitanga imiterere myiza y'imishinga yo kwagura ubutaka.
Amahugurwa ku migezi no kurwanya imyuzure:Guteranya imiyoboro yo kurinda inkombe z'uruzi, kuyobora inkombe, imiyoboro y'amazi n'inyubako zo kurwanya imyuzure. Imiyoboro y'ibyuma itera imbaraga inkombe z'uruzi kandi ikarinda kwangirika no gusukurwa.
Ubwubatsi bw'imiyoboro y'amazi n'ubucukuzi:Gutera imigozi yo gukata no gupfuka, inkuta z'ibirundo byihishe, n'inyubako zishyigikira inzira y'imigozi. Imigozi itanga inkunga ihagaze n'iy'inyuma ku nyubako zo munsi y'ubutaka.
Ikigo gishinzwe kuvugurura imitingito:Gutegura inyubako zisanzwe zigomba kuvugurura imitingito, harimo ishingiro ry'ibiraro, ishingiro ry'inyubako, n'inyubako z'icyambu bisaba imbaraga zo kurwanya imitingito.
9. Gupakira no Kohereza - ASTM A252 GR.3 SSAW Umuyoboro w'icyuma
Imiyoboro y'icyuma ya ASTM A252 GR.3 SSAW irapfunyikwa kandi ikoherezwa mu buryo bwitondewe cyane kugira ngo irinde uburinzi bwayo mu gihe cyo kuyitwara. Dore ibisobanuro by'uburyo bwo gupakira no kohereza imiyoboro minini ya SSAW:
Gupfunyika:
Ubwikorezi burinda:Mbere yo gupakira, imiyoboro ishobora gusigwa amavuta yo kurwanya ingese cyangwa varnish irinda kugira ngo hirindwe ingese no gushonga ku buso mu gihe cyo kubibika no kubitwara. Irangi ridafite ibara riboneka kandi kugira ngo rishyirweho irangi ako kanya aho rigenewe cyangwa mu bidukikije byo mu mazi aho hagenwe uburyo bwo kwangirika.
Guhuza (Ubugari buto):Ku miyoboro mito y'umurambararo (ubusanzwe iri munsi ya mm 610 / 24"), imiyoboro ihuzwa hamwe mu migozi ifite impande esheshatu cyangwa impande enye. Ifatwa hakoreshejwe imigozi y'icyuma (ubusanzwe imigozi 3-5 kuri buri mugozi ifite inkingi zirinda amarembo) kugira ngo hirindwe ko umugozi ugenda mu mugozi.
Gushyira hamwe ku giti cye (Ubugari bunini):Ku miyoboro minini y'umurambararo (irenga mm 610 / 24"), imiyoboro ikunze gufatwa no koherezwa ukwayo bitewe n'uburemere n'ingano. Igiti gikozwe mu mbaho cyangwa agapira gashyirwa hagati y'imiyoboro birinda kwangirika no kwangirika kw'igitambaro.
Imisozo y'impera:Imipfundikizo ya pulasitiki cyangwa icyuma ishyirwa ku mpera zombi za buri muyoboro kugira ngo irinde impera zigoswe, impera zisanzwe kwangirika, imyanda yinjira, n'ubushuhe.
Impeta z'icyuma zitangwaho igitambo (Ntabwo ari ngombwa):Ku miyoboro yo gukurura ikenera uburinzi bukomeye mu gihe cyo gukurura imiyoboro, impeta z'icyuma zikozwe mu buryo bw'ingufu (ubusanzwe zifite ubugari bwa mm 50-100, ubugari bwa mm 6-12) zihambirwa ku mpera y'imiyoboro. Izi mpeta zifata imiyoboro y'inyundo kandi zikarinda impera y'umuyoboro kwangirika.
Gupfunyika no Guteka:Ku byoherezwa mu mahanga ku rwego rwo hejuru, ibikoresho byo gupfunyika nk'impeta z'ifuro, uduce twa rubber, cyangwa uduce tw'ibiti bikoreshwa hagati y'imiyoboro kugira ngo hirindwe kwangirika, kwangirika kw'igitambaro, no kwangirika kw'ingaruka mu gihe cyo kubitwara no kubitwara.
Aho guterura:Imigozi yo guterura cyangwa ahantu habigenewe ho guterura ishobora kongerwa ku miyoboro iremereye (irenga kg 2.000 kuri buri muyoboro) kugira ngo byorohereze gupakurura ibintu mu mutekano aho bigiye hakoreshejwe crane cyangwa forklift.
Kohereza:
Uburyo bwo gutwara abantu:Imiyoboro yoherezwa binyuze mu bwato bw'amakonteyineri (amakonteyineri ya metero 20 cyangwa metero 40 ku bugari buto), ubwikorezi bunini (gutandukanya bunini ku bugari bunini n'ubwinshi bunini), cyangwa ubwikorezi bwa gari ya moshi, bitewe n'aho bujya, ingano y'ibicuruzwa, n'ubwihutirwe bwo gutanga. Amato y'imizigo y'umushinga ashobora gukoreshwa ku miyoboro minini cyane cyangwa miremire cyane.
Gushyira mu bubiko (Ubugari buto):Ku miyoboro mito y'umurambararo (ubusanzwe iri munsi ya mm 508 / 20"), imiyoboro ishyirwa mu makontena asanzwe ya metero 20 cyangwa metero 40 kugira ngo igenzurwe neza kandi itunganye. Gupakira kontena birinda imizigo imiterere y'ikirere, ubushuhe, n'ibindi byanduza byo hanze. Imiyoboro ntarengwa ikoreshwa mu kontena akenshi iba toni 20-25 kuri buri kontena ya metero 20.
Uburyo ubwato bunini bupakira (Ubugari bunini n'ingano nini):Ku mabwiriza y’ubwinshi bw’ibinyabiziga (ubusanzwe toni 500) cyangwa imiyoboro minini (irenga mm 508 / 20"), imiyoboro ishyirwa mu byuma bitwara imizigo cyangwa mu bwato bunini. Imigozi yo guterura n’imigozi yo gukwirakwiza imizigo birinda kwangirika mu gihe cyo gupakira imizigo. Gupfunyika imizigo, gufunga no gufata iminyururu bikoreshwa mu gukumira ko imizigo igenda mu gihe cyo gutwara imizigo mu mazi. Ubu buryo buhendutse cyane ku mishinga ikomeye yo gukusanya imizigo mu mazi.
Ibikoresho bifunguye hejuru cyangwa uburebure burebure (Byinshi cyane / Birenze urugero):Ku miyoboro irengeje ingano isanzwe y'ibigega (uburebure > metero 12 cyangwa umurambararo > metero 2.3), ibigega binini cyangwa ibigega bifunguye hejuru bishobora gukoreshwa mu gusohora ingano nyinshi. Ibi bigega byihariye bifasha gutwara imizigo minini mu buryo bwizewe.
Gushyiraho ibirango n'inyandiko:Buri gapfunyika cyangwa umuyoboro ku giti cyawo byanditseho amakuru y'ingenzi arimo urwego rw'ibikoresho, ibipimo, ingano, umubare w'ubushyuhe, umubare w'agapfunyika/umuyoboro, n'amabwiriza yo kuwukoresha. Inyandiko zuzuye zo kohereza zitegurwa kugira ngo zigenzurwe muri gasutamo no gukurikirana imizigo.
Iyubahirizwa ry'amategeko agenga gasutamo:Ku bicuruzwa mpuzamahanga, inyandiko zose zikenewe kuri gasutamo --- harimo inyemezabuguzi y'ubucuruzi, urutonde rw'ibipakiye, inyemezabwishyu y'imizigo, icyemezo cy'aho bikomoka (niba bikenewe), ibyemezo by'ibizamini by'inganda, n'impushya zose zisabwa zo gutumizwa mu gihugu --- zirategurwa kugira ngo zigerweho neza ku cyambu cyoherezwamo.
Kwizirika mu buryo bwizewe:Mu modoka cyangwa mu gikoresho gitwara abantu, imigozi n'imiyoboro imwe imwe bihambiriwe neza kandi bihambiriwe hakoreshejwe imigozi y'icyuma (hamwe n'ibikoresho byo kurinda impfuruka), imifuka yo mu gitaka, imigozi y'ibiti, cyangwa iminyururu kugira ngo hirindwe ko ibintu bihinduka, bikazunguruka, cyangwa bikagenda bishobora kwangiza mu gihe cyo kugenda.
Gukurikirana no gukurikirana:Sisitemu zigezweho zo gukurikirana ubwikorezi zikoreshwa mu kugenzura uko ibicuruzwa bihagaze no gutanga amakuru mashya ku bakiriya mu gihe nyacyo. Nimero zo gukurikirana ubwikorezi zitangwa ku bicuruzwa byose bicuruzwa. Gukurikirana ubwikorezi birahari kugira ngo ibicuruzwa bishyirwe mu buryo bunini.
Ubwishingizi:Bitewe n'agaciro k'ibicuruzwa byatumijwe n'ibyo abakiriya bakeneye, ubwishingizi bw'imizigo yo mu mazi (Ingaruka zose cyangwa Ubwishingizi bw'impuzandengo) bushobora gutegurwa kugira ngo bwishyure igihombo cyangwa ibyangiritse bishobora kubaho mu gihe cyo gutwara ibintu. Ku mishinga yo kubaka ibirundo byo mu mazi ifite agaciro kanini, ubwishingizi bw'inyongera bwo gushyiraho no gushyiraho ibintu bushobora gusabwa.
Gahunda yo guterura ibintu biremereye:Ku miyoboro iremereye cyane (irenga kg 5.000 kuri buri muyoboro), ni byiza guhuza neza n'aho ijya kugira ngo ikoreshwe mu bikoresho biremereye (cranes zifite ubushobozi buhagije, imiyoboro yihariye yo gukwirakwiza imizigo). Womic Steel itanga ibisobanuro birambuye ku mitwaro harimo uburemere bw'imiyoboro n'ingano bya buri muyoboro kugira ngo itegure umushinga.
Muri make, Womic Steel igenzura ko imiyoboro yose y'ibyuma ya ASTM A252 GR.3 SSAW ipakiye neza ingamba zo kurinda inganda kandi ikajyanwa hakoreshejwe uburyo bwizewe bwo gutwara kugira ngo igere aho igeze imeze neza. Uburyo bwiza bwo gupakira no kohereza ni ingenzi mu kubungabunga ubuziranenge n'ubwiza bw'ibicuruzwa bitangwa, cyane cyane ku mishinga y'ingenzi y'ishingiro ry'amazi.
10. Ibyiza n'Ibibazo Bikunze Kubazwa mu byuma bya Womic Steel - ASTM A252 GR.3 SSAW Steel Pipe Run
Kuki twafatanya na Womic Steel mu gupima umuyoboro wa ASTM A252 GR.3 SSAW?
Ingano zose:Uburyo bwa SSAW bugizwe na mm 508 kugeza 3,000 OD, ubugari bw'urukuta bugera kuri mm 25.4, uburebure bugera kuri metero 60 ku mishinga yo kubaka urufatiro rwimbitse n'ibirundo byo mu mazi.
Icyerekezo cy’ibikorwa byo mu mazi n’ibijyanye n’inyanja:Ubunararibonye bwihariye mu bikorwa byo gukusanya ibirundo byo mu mazi no mu nyanja harimo kubaka ibyambu, urubuga rwo mu mazi, ishingiro ry'ibiraro, n'imishinga yo kurinda inkombe. Gusobanukirwa ibisabwa mu kurinda ingese zo mu mazi no gukurura imbaraga.
Impeta z'icyuma zitangwaho igitambo:Gusudira impeta z'icyuma zikozwe mu buryo bw'ibumba mu nzu kugira ngo birusheho kurinda mu gihe cyo gukoresha imiyoboro, bigabanya guhindagurika kw'imiyoboro no gutinda kuyishyiraho.
Serivisi zo Kongera Agaciro:Udupira two ku mpera (30°-35°), gukata impera zisanzwe, gukingira (FBE, 3LPE, Coal Tar Epoxy, Galvanizing), no gupfunyika birwanya ingese biboneka mu nzu cyangwa binyuze mu bigo by’abafatanyabikorwa babishoboye.
Ubushobozi bwo gukora uburebure burebure:Kugeza kuri metero 60 z'uburebure bumwe ku mishinga y'urufatiro rw'inyubako, bigabanya ibisabwa mu gushyiramo imirima n'igihe cyo kuyishyiraho. Uburebure bwihariye burahari nta kiguzi cy'inyongera ku byiciro bisanzwe.
Ibikoresho bihiganwa:Ubufatanye bw’ingamba n’abashinzwe gutwara imizigo ku isi n’inzobere mu by’imizigo mu mishinga butuma habaho uburyo bwiza bwo gutwara imizigo (ikonteyineri, ubwato bunini bukoreshwa mu gusohora imizigo, cyangwa ubwato bw’umushinga) kandi bugatwara amafaranga make ku isi yose ku miyoboro minini kandi minini yo gucukura imizigo.
Inyandiko zuzuye:Impamyabumenyi z’ibizamini byuzuye (EN 10204 Ubwoko bwa 2.2, 3.1, cyangwa 3.2), raporo za NDT (UT, RT), raporo z’ibipimo, n’inyandiko z’uburyo ibintu bikurikiranwa byatanzwe kuri buri koherezwa. Igenzura ry’abandi (SGS, BV, TÜV, LR, DNV) ryakozwe iyo risabwe.
Hitamo Womic Steel Group nk'umufatanyabikorwa wawe wizeye mu miyoboro y'ibyuma ya ASTM A252 GR.3 SSAW yo mu rwego rwo hejuru yo kubaka imishinga yo mu mazi, mu nyanja, no mu mishinga y'ishingiro ryimbitse ku isi yose. Murakaza neza kubaza!
Urubuga: www.womicsteel.com
Imeri: sales@womicsteel.com
Terefone/WhatsApp/WeChat:
Victor: +86-15575100681
Jack: +86-18390957568
Ibibazo Bikunze Kubazwa (Ibibazo Bikunze Kubazwa) - ASTM A252 GR.3 SSAW Umuyoboro w'Icyuma
Q: Ni irihe tandukaniro riri hagati ya SSAW na LSAW ku miyoboro yo gukurura?
A: SSAW (Spiral Submerged Arc Welded) ikoresha uburyo bwo gusudira buzunguruka, bwiza ku nkuta nini (508mm-3,000mm) no ku nkuta ntoya kugeza ku ziciriritse. LSAW (Longitudinal Submerged Arc Welded) ikoresha uburyo bwo gusudira bugororotse, bwiza ku nkuta nto (508mm-1,500mm) no ku nkuta nini (kugeza kuri 50.8mm). Muri rusange SSAW ihendutse cyane ku nkuta nini cyane, mu gihe LSAW itanga uburyo bwiza bwo gusudira ku nkuta nini.
Q: Impeta y'icyuma ikoreshwa mu gutamba igitambo ni iki kandi ni ryari ikwiye gukoreshwa?
A: Impeta y'icyuma ikoreshwa mu gutwika ni igice gito cy'icyuma (ubusanzwe gifite ubugari bwa mm 50-100, ubugari bwa mm 6-12, umuyoboro uhuye na wo) gishongeshejwe ku mpera y'umuyoboro ukoreshwa mu gutwika. Ifata ingufu z'ingufu ziva ku nyundo ikoreshwa mu gutwika, ikarinda impera y'umuyoboro guhindagurika, gucika, cyangwa gusenyuka. Impeta zikoreshwa mu gutwika zirasabwa mu bihe bikomeye byo gutwara (umucanga mwinshi, amabuye, aho amabuye akoreshwa mu gutwika), inyundo ziremereye zikoreshwa mu gutwika, imiyoboro y'inkuta nto, imishinga ikomeye aho kwangirika kw'imiyoboro byatera gutinda, hamwe n'imiyoboro ikenera kudafata amazi nyuma yo gutwara.
Q: Ni ubuhe burebure buhari ku muyoboro wa ASTM A252 GR.3 SSAW?
A: Uburebure busanzwe ni metero 6, metero 12, na metero 18. Ku mishinga y’ibanze n’iy’inyanja, dutanga uburebure bwihariye kugeza kuri metero 60 (metero 200) bitewe n’umurambararo n’ubugari bw’urukuta. Uburebure burebure butanga inyungu zikomeye: kugabanya umubare w’uduce tw’ubutaka (igiciro gito cyo gushyiraho, gahunda yihuta), kunoza imiterere y’inyubako, no kugabanya ibyago byo kwangirika kw’ibisasu. Ariko, uburebure burebure busaba ubwikorezi bwihariye (ibikoresho byo mu gikoni, amato manini, cyangwa imizigo y’umushinga) kandi bishobora kugira ikiguzi cyo gutwara ibintu kinini.
Q: Ni ubuhe buryo bwo gusiga imiyoboro yo mu mazi kugira ngo birinde ingese yo mu mazi yo mu nyanja?
A: Dutanga uburyo bwinshi bwo gutwikira mu mazi burwanya ingese: FBE (Fusion Bonded Epoxy) ifite urwego rumwe cyangwa rubiri, 3LPE/3LPP (Three Layer Polyethylene/Polypropylene), Coal Tar Epoxy, Hot Dip Galvanizing, Liquid Epoxy, na Beto Weight Coating (CWC). Ku bijyanye no gukoresha cyane mu mazi, gutwikira 3LPE cyangwa FBE hamwe no kurinda kathodike ni byo bipimo ngenderwaho mu nganda.
Q: Ese ushobora gutanga imiyoboro yo gufunga hamwe n'igenzura ry'umuntu wa gatatu (SGS, BV, TÜV, DNV, LR)?
A: Yego. Twakira kandi tugafasha igenzura rya DNV, BV, SGS, TÜV, ABS, LR, cyangwa undi mukozi wese watoranijwe n'umukiriya mu gihe cyo gutanga ibicuruzwa na mbere yo kohereza ibicuruzwa. 3.2 Impamyabushobozi z'igenzura zemejwe n'inzego z'abandi zemewe zitangwa buri gihe iyo zibisabye.
Q: Ni ubuhe buryo bwo gupima budasenya (NDT) butangwa ku muyoboro wa ASTM A252 GR.3 SSAW?
A: NDT isanzwe irimo 100% Ultrasonic Test (UT) y'umushongi wo gusudira n'umuyoboro, hamwe n'isuzuma ry'ahantu hakoreshwa radiyo (RT). MPI, Hydrostatic Test, n'ibindi bikoresho bya UT birahari iyo ubisabye. Ku bijyanye n'ibikorwa by'ingenzi byo mu mazi, turagusaba 100% RT cyangwa UT yuzuye.
Q: Igihe gisanzwe cyo gutanga umuyoboro wa ASTM A252 GR.3 SSAW ni ikihe?
A: Igihe gisanzwe cyo gutanga SSAW ni iminsi 30-45, bitewe n'ingano y'ibicuruzwa, umurambararo, ubugari bw'inkuta, n'ibisabwa mu igeragezwa. Ibicuruzwa byihutishwa (iminsi 20-30) bishobora kuboneka ku bwinshi buke. Ku mishinga isaba igenzura ry'abandi, ongeramo iminsi 5-10. Ku bijyanye no gusiga (FBE, 3LPE, nibindi), ongeramo iminsi 10-20.
Q: Ni izihe nyandiko zitangwa kuri buri kohereza?
A: Buri koherezwa ririmo icyemezo cy'ikizamini cy'umunyu (EN 10204 Ubwoko bwa 3.1), Raporo y'igenzura ry'ibipimo, Raporo za UT, Raporo za RT (niba byavuzwe), Inyandiko z'ikurikirana ry'ibicuruzwa, Urutonde rw'ibipakiye, Inyemezabwishyu y'ubucuruzi, n'icyemezo cy'aho bikomoka. Ku bipimo ngenderwaho bya EN, itangazo ry'ikimenyetso cya CE n'itangazo ry'imikorere (DoP) bishobora gutangwa.
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