Ibisobanuro by'igicuruzwa
Womic Steel itanga umuyoboro mwiza cyane wa ASTM A213 TP310S w'icyuma kidapfa gushonga udafite umugozi uhagije kugira ngo uhabwe ubushyuhe bwinshi kugeza kuri 1150°C (2100°F). TP310S itanga chromium 24-26% na nikeli 19-22%, itanga ubushobozi bwo kurwanya ogisijeni n'ubushyuhe bwinshi. Ni nziza cyane ku miyoboro y'itanura, imiyoboro irabagirana, ibikoresho bivura ubushyuhe, amatanura, n'ibicanwa bya peteroli. Ingano y'umurambararo wo hanze ni 6.0mm-127mm (1/8"-5"), ubugari bw'urukuta ni 0.5mm-12.7mm, uburebure ni 18m. Icyemezo cy'uruganda, ikizamini cy'amazi, UT/ET, ikizamini cyo gutwika/gutemba kirahari. Igiciro cyiza kandi gutanga vuba.
Ingano y'umuyoboro utagira umushongi:Ingano yo hanze: 6.0mm-127mm (1/8"-5"), Ubunini bw'urukuta: 0.5mm-12.7mm, Uburebure: 6m, 12m cyangwa uko bikenewe
Igipimo gisanzwe n'icyiciro cy'umuyoboro udafite umugozi:ASTM A213/ASME SA213 Grade TP310S (UNS S31008, 1.4845, X8CrNi25-21, 06Cr25Ni20); Irahari kandi TP310 (version ya karubone iri hejuru, UNS S31000)
Imikoreshereze y'Umuyoboro Udafite Umugozi:Imiyoboro y'inganda, imiyoboro irabagirana, ibikoresho bivura ubushyuhe, amatanura, retorts, ibicanwa bya ethylene bya peteroli, ibishyushya binini, ibishyushya ubushyuhe, ibisigazwa by'ubushyuhe, ibitwika, ibikoresho by'uruganda rwa sima, imashini zitanga amashanyarazi, ibishyushya byo mu nganda, amatanura ashyushya ubushyuhe
Womic SteelItanga ibiciro byiza kandi bishimishije bya ASTM A213 TP310S imiyoboro idafite umugozi, imiyoboro y'ubushyuhe bwinshi, imiyoboro y'itanura. Icyemezo cy'uruganda, ikizamini cy'amazi, isuzuma rya UT/ET, ikizamini cyo gutwika/gutembera, igice cyometseho kirahari. Gutanga byihuse na serivisi nziza.
Womic Steel: Ubushobozi bwo gukora n'imbaraga z'ikigo
Womic Steel Group ni ikigo gikomeye mu gukora no kohereza ibicuruzwa mu mahanga ku isi gifite ubunararibonye bw'imyaka irenga 20 mu gukora ibikoresho bya karuboni, alloy, na stainless steel tubular. Ikigo cyacu kigezweho cyo gukora imiyoboro idafite umugozi cyihariye mu gukora imiyoboro myinshi ya chromium-nickel austenitic stainless steel mu ikoreshwa ry'itanura rishyushye cyane n'ibikomoka kuri peteroli.
Ingano y'umusaruro wa ASTM A213 TP310S Umuyoboro udafite umugozi:Ubugari bwo hanze kuva kuri mm 6.0 kugeza kuri mm 127 (inchi 1/8 kugeza kuri santimetero 5) hamwe n'ubugari bw'urukuta kuva kuri mm 0.5 kugeza kuri mm 12.7. Uburebure bumwe butunguranye bwa metero 6, uburebure bubiri butunguranye bwa metero 12, cyangwa uburebure bwihariye kugeza kuri metero 18 uko bikenewe.
Impamyabumenyi z'Ubuziranenge n'Iyubahirizwa ry'Amategeko:
ISO 9001:2015 Yemejwe:Sisitemu yo gucunga ubuziranenge igamije kwemeza ireme ry'ibicuruzwa mu bikorwa byose.
Iyubahirizwa rya ASTM A213 / ASME SA213:Kubahiriza byimazeyo amabwiriza ngenderwaho ya ASTM A213/A213M na ASME SA213 kuri Seamless Ferritic na Austenitic Alloy-Steel Boiler, Superheater, na Heat-Exchanger Tubes.
PED 2014/68/EU (Ibimenyetso bya CE):Gukurikiza amabwiriza y'ibikoresho by'umuvuduko by'i Burayi. Ikimenyetso cya CE kiraboneka iyo ubisabye.
Icyemezo cya EN 10204 3.2:Icyemezo cy’igenzura 3.2 cyemejwe na TÜV, LR, BV, cyangwa SGS ku bikorwa by’ingenzi bisaba gukurikirana neza ibikoresho byose.
Ibyemezo by’Ubugenzuzi bw’Uruhande rwa Gatatu (TPI):Ibicuruzwa n'inzira byemejwe na SGS, BV, ABS, LR, DNV, GL, na TÜV.
Kumenyekana ku Isi:Womic Steel ni umucuruzi wizewe w’inganda zikora amatanura, ibigo bitunganya ubushyuhe, inganda zikora peteroli, n’ibigo bitanga amashanyarazi bikorera ibihugu birenga 80 ku isi.
Umuyoboro utagira umugozi wa ASTM A213 TP310S w'icyuma kidafunze: Imiterere y'ibikoresho n'imikorere yabyo
ASTM A213 TP310S ni umuyoboro w’icyuma kitagira umugozi wa chromium-nickel austenitic udafite umugozi wagenewe serivisi z’ubushyuhe bwinshi cyane. Inyito ya "S" igaragaza verisiyo nto ya karuboni kugira ngo yongere ubushobozi bwo gusudira. TP310S irimo chromium 24-26% na nickel 19-22%, itanga ubushobozi bwo kurwanya oxidation budasanzwe n’ubushyuhe bwinshi kugeza kuri 1150°C.
Ingano nyinshi ya chromium ikora urwego rudahindagurika rwa chromium oxyde (Cr₂O₃) ku buso, rutanga ubudahangarwa bwiza ku gupima no gusiga ku bushyuhe bwinshi. Ingano nyinshi ya nikeli igumana imiterere ya austenitic kandi igatanga imbaraga nziza zo gukurura no kudahungabana k'ubushyuhe. Ibikoresho bizwi kandi ku izina ry'ubucuruzi rya 2520 (25% Cr - 20% Ni) na 06Cr25Ni20 yo mu Bushinwa.
ASTM A213 TP310S Ibikoresho bya Chimique bya Stainless Steel (Isesengura ry'Inkweto, % ku bunini):
| Igice | Ibisabwa kuri TP310S |
| Karuboni (C) | ≤ 0.08 |
| Manganese (Mn) | ≤ 2.00 |
| Fosifore (P) | ≤ 0.045 |
| Sulfure (S) | ≤ 0.030 |
| Silikoni (Si) | ≤ 1.50 |
| Chromium (Cr) | 24.0 - 26.0 |
| Nickel (Ni) | 19.0 - 22.0 |
*Icyitonderwa: Ingano ya chromium (24-26%) na nikeli (19-22%) itanga ubushobozi bwo kurwanya ogisijeni ku buryo budasanzwe kandi ikagira imbaraga nyinshi mu bushyuhe. Ingano ya karuboni nke (0.08% ntarengwa) ituma ibintu birushaho gushonga ugereranije na TP310.*
Imiterere ya ASTM A213 TP310S y'icyuma kitagira umugese (Ubushyuhe bw'icyumba):
| Umutungo | Ibisabwa kuri TP310S |
| Imbaraga zo Gufata (iminota) | 515 MPa (75,000 psi) |
| Imbaraga z'umusaruro (uburemere, 0.2% by'igabanuka) | 205 MPa (30.000 psi) |
| Uburebure (iminota, 2" gauge) | 35% |
| Ubukomere (ntarengwa) | 192 HB / 90 HRB / 200 HV |
Imiterere ifatika y'icyuma kitagira umwanda cya ASTM A213 TP310S:
| Umutungo | Agaciro |
| Ubucucike | 7.98 g/cm³ |
| Aho gushonga | 1400-1450°C |
| Modulus y'Uburebure (20°C) | 200 GPa |
| Ubushobozi bwo gutwara ubushyuhe (100°C) | 14.2 W/m·K |
| Igipimo cy'ubushyuhe (20-200°C) | 15.9 μm/m·K |
| Ubushobozi bwo guhangana n'amashanyarazi | 78 μΩ·cm |
Ubushobozi bwo gutanga serivisi ku bushyuhe bwinshi:
| Ubushyuhe | Imikorere |
| Munsi ya 800°C | Ni nziza cyane, ibungabunga imitungo yose |
| 800-950°C | Ni byiza, gukanguka gato biratangira |
| 950-1050°C | Birashimishije ku bikorwa byinshi |
| 1050-1150°C | Ingano ntarengwa ya serivisi kugira ngo akazi gakomeze gukorwa |
*Icyitonderwa: TP310S itangira koroha hejuru ya 800°C, ariko ikomeza gukora kugeza kuri 1150°C hashingiwe ku miterere yayo. Ku bushyuhe buri hejuru ya 1000°C, TP310S ikunze kuba ibikoresho bikunzwe cyane bitewe n'uko ifite chromium-nickel nyinshi.*
Kugereranya TP310S na TP310:
| Icyiciro | Ibikubiye muri karuboni | Ibiranga | Uburyo busanzwe bwo gukoresha |
| TP310S (S31008) | ≤0.08% | Uburyo bwo gusudira bwiza, ni ubusanzwe ku miyoboro y'itanura | Imiyoboro y'ifuru, ivura ubushyuhe |
| TP310 (S31000) | ≤0.15% | Ingufu nyinshi mu bushyuhe bukabije | Umuvuduko mwinshi, ubushyuhe bwinshi |
Igereranya ry'icyiciro - Ibyuma bitagira umuvuduko mwinshi:
| Icyiciro | Cr % | Ni % | Ubushyuhe Bunini | Ubudahangarwa bw'ingufu | Imbaraga zo Gutera | Ikiguzi |
| TP304H | 18-20 | 8-11 | 800°C | Byiza | Byiza | Hasi |
| TP309S | 22-24 | 12-15 | 1050°C | Biruta | Biruta | Hagati |
| TP310S | 24-26 | 19-22 | 1150°C | Icyiza kurusha ibindi | Icyiza kurusha ibindi | Hejuru |
| TP321H | 17-19 | 9-12 | 750°C | Byiza | Byiza | Hasi |
| Aloyi 800H | 19-23 | 30-35 | 1100°C | Icyiza kurusha ibindi | Icyiza kurusha ibindi | Hejuru cyane |
Icyitonderwa: TP310S itanga ubushobozi bwo kurwanya ogisijeni mu byuma bisanzwe bya austenitic stainless steels bitewe n'uko irimo chromium na nikeli nyinshi.
Uburyo bwo kuvura ubushyuhe busabwa:
Gutera umuti ku bushyuhe bwa 1030-1180°C bigakurikirwa no gukonjesha vuba (kuzimya amazi cyangwa gukonjesha umwuka). Ubu buryo bushongesha karubide kandi bugatanga imiterere myiza yo gutanga serivisi z'ubushyuhe bwinshi.
ASTM A213 TP310S Icunga ry'umuyoboro utagira umushongi w'icyuma gifunganye n'ibipimo by'ubuziranenge
Womic Steel itanga imiyoboro ya ASTM A213 TP310S idafite umugozi mu buryo burambuye, ikurikije neza amahame ya ASTM A213/A213M na ASME SA213.
| Ikintu | Ibisobanuro |
| Igisanzwe | ASTM A213/A213M, ASME SA213 (Ibyuma bishyushya ibyuma bidafite umugozi, ibishyushya binini, n'ibishyushya bihindura ubushyuhe) |
| Icyiciro | TP310S (UNS S31008, 1.4845, X8CrNi25-21, 06Cr25Ni20, 2520) |
| Amahame Angana | EN 10216-5, DIN 17458, JIS G3459, JIS G3463 |
| Uburyo bwo gukora | Idafite umushongi - Ifite ifunze ikonje / Ifite ifunze ikonje / Ifite ifunze |
| Intera y'Ubugari bwo Hanze | 6.0mm – 127mm (1/8" – 5") |
| Ubunini bw'urukuta | 0.5mm – 12.7mm (0.015" – 0.500") |
| Uburebure | uburebure bwa metero 6 (SR), metero 12 (DR), cyangwa uburebure bwihariye kugeza kuri metero 18 |
| Imiterere y'ibyo umuntu asabwa gutanga | Umuti wakuwemo amazi (1030-1180°C) + amazi yazimye |
| Irangizwa rya nyuma | Iherezo Risanzwe (PE) / Iherezo Rifite Imirongo Igororotse (BE) |
| Kurangiza ubuso | Yakuwemo ibirungo n'ibitonore / Irabagirana / Irasekuye |
Ubwihangane bushingiye ku bipimo kuri ASTM A213:
| Ibiranga | Ukwihanganirana |
| OD < 25mm (1") | ± 0.13mm (± 0.005") |
| OD 25-50mm (1"-2") | ± 0.25mm (± 0.010") |
| OD 50-100mm (2"-4") | ± 0.38mm (± 0.015") |
| OD 100-127mm (4"-5") | ± 0.50mm (± 0.020") |
| Ubunini bw'urukuta (WT) | ± 12.5% kuri WIT > 1.65mm |
| Uburebure | +50mm, -0mm (uburebure bw'urusyo) |
Uburyo bwo gukora - Icuma kitagira umugozi kidakoresha ibyuma
Womic Steel ikora imiyoboro ya ASTM A213 TP321 y'icyuma kidasagwa idafite umugozi ikoresheje uburyo buhanitse bwo gushushanya no gukurura ibintu bikonje, igenzura ko ubushobozi bwo kwihanganira ibintu bungana neza kandi ikarangirira neza ku buso.
Imikorere y'Umusaruro (Inzira y'Umuyoboro Udafite Umugozi Urimo Ubukonje / Ufite Ubukonje Uzungurutswe):
Igenzura ry'ibikoresho fatizo (Billet):Ibice by'icyuma kidashonga (ubusanzwe bifite umurambararo wa mm 50-200) byemezwa ko bifite imiterere ya shimi hakurikijwe ibisabwa na ASTM A213 TP321 (17-19% Cr, 9-12% Ni, Ti ≥ 5 × C). Buri bice bihabwa inomero yihariye y'ubushyuhe kugira ngo ibikoresho byose bikurikirane neza mu gihe cyose bikozwe.
Gushyushya no gutobora amenyo y'ibiceri:Ibice by'imbere bishyushywa kugeza ku bushyuhe bwo gushongesha (1150-1250°C) mu ziko zizunguruka hanyuma bigatoborwa binyuze mu ruganda ruboza imigozi (Mannesmann process) kugira ngo bikoremo ibishishwa by'imiyoboro y'ubururu (indabyo z'ubururu).
Gusohora cyangwa Kuzunguruka:Ibikonoshwa bitobowe birushaho gushyuha cyangwa gusohoka kugira ngo bigabanye umurambararo n'ubugari bw'urukuta. Kuri TP321, kugenzura ubushyuhe witonze birinda imvura ya titaniyumu mu gihe cyo gukora ubushyuhe.
Annealing (Iri hagati):Nyuma yo gukora ibintu bishyushye, imiyoboro irashyirwamo umuti kuri 1040-1120°C hanyuma hagakonjeshwa vuba (kuzimya amazi cyangwa gukonjesha umwuka) kugira ngo ishongeshe karubide kandi igarure ubudahangarwa bw'ingese.
Guteka no Gukuraho Ubunini:Igikanka cyakozwe mu gihe cyo gukurura gikurwaho no gusya mu bwogero bwa aside (uruvange rwa aside nitrike-hydrofluoric), bikagaragaza ubuso busukuye kandi bumwe.
Igishushanyo Gikonje (Impamyabumenyi imwe cyangwa nyinshi):Imiyoboro inyura mu buryo bumwe cyangwa bwinshi bukonje bunyura mu buryo bunoze kandi bunyura hejuru ya mandrels kugira ngo igere ku rugero rusabwa rwa OD, WT, n'uburyo bwo kwihanganira ibintu. Igabanuka risanzwe kuri buri nzira: 20-40%.
Gutembera mu buryo bukonje (Gutwara mu mazi - Ubusa):Kugira ngo ubugari bw'inkuta bugabanuke cyane cyangwa ngo burusheho kunoza imiterere y'ubuso, imiyoboro itunganywa binyuze mu nganda zikora pilger. Iyi gahunda ikora neza cyane ku miyoboro y'inkuta nto n'iy'ubuziranenge.
Kugabanya ibinure hagati:Hagati yo gukurura cyangwa gutembera, imiyoboro inyura hagati mu gufunga (1040-1120°C) kugira ngo igabanye gukomera kw'akazi no gusubiza ubushobozi bwo gukora neza nyuma yo gutunganya.
Uburyo bwa nyuma bwo kuvura ubushyuhe (Gufata umuti):Imiyoboro ihabwa umuti wa nyuma wo gushyushya kuri 1040-1120°C hanyuma hagakonjeshwa vuba kugira ngo hagerwe ku miterere yagenwe ya mekanike, kurwanya ingese, n'imiterere y'ibinyampeke. Ibi ni ingenzi kuri TP321 kugira ngo karubide za titaniyumu zishonge neza kandi zikongererwe imbaraga.
Kugorora no Gukata:Gutunganya neza kugira ngo bihuze n'ubushobozi busanzwe bwo kugororoka (0.15% by'uburebure bwose), hanyuma ugakata neza neza, ufite impera zisukuye kandi zidafite imigozi.
Gusoza no kugenzura ubuso:Gusuzuma amaso kugira ngo harebwe ko nta busembwa bwo hejuru nk'imivuniko, imikufi, imikufi n'ibishishwa. Gukoresha pickling cyangwa annealing nziza nk'irangiza rya nyuma ry'ubuso.
Kurangiza:Impera zisanzwe (ziciwe kare), impera zikozwe mu buryo bwa bevel (inguni ya bevel ya 30-35° ifite 1.6mm ± 0.8mm yo kugwa), cyangwa impera zikozwe mu buryo bwa texed nkuko umukiriya abiteganya.
Uburyo bwo kugenzura ubuziranenge n'ibizamini
| Urugendo | Uburyo bwo kugenzura | Intego |
| Ibikoresho fatizo (Billet) | Isesengura ry'ibinyabutabire (OES Spectrometer) | Genzura ko imbibi z’ibikubiye muri ASTM A213 TP321 zujuje ibisabwa (Cr, Ni, Ti, C, nibindi) |
| Ibikoresho fatizo (Billet) | Isuzuma ry'umuvuduko ku bushyuhe bw'icyumba | Mbere yo gutunganya ibikoresho, banza urebe neza ko bifite imbaraga. |
| Ibikoresho fatizo (Billet) | Isuzuma rya Ultrasonic (UT) | Kumenya ibibyimba by'imbere n'ibisembwa |
| Muri gahunda | Igenzura ry'ibipimo (Mikorometero, Kalipere) | Igenzura rya OD, WT mu gihe cyo gushushanya no gutembera |
| Muri gahunda | Igenzura ry'Ishusho y'Ubuso | Kumenya inenge zo ku buso (imikufi, imikufi, imikaka) |
| Umuyoboro warangiye | Igenzura ry'Umuti wo Gufunga | Menya neza uburyo bukoreshwa mu kuvura ubushyuhe (1040-1120°C, ubukonje bwihuse) |
| Umuyoboro warangiye | Isuzuma ry'umuvuduko (Icyumba n'Ubushyuhe Bukabije) | Genzura imbaraga z'umusaruro (minimum 205 MPa), imbaraga zo gukurura (minimum 515 MPa), uburebure (minimum 35%) |
| Umuyoboro warangiye | Ikizamini cy'Ubukomere (HRB / HV) | Emeza ubukana ntarengwa bwa 92 HRB / 210 HV |
| Umuyoboro warangiye | Ikizamini cyo Gutwika | Genzura ko ubushobozi bwo gupfuka no gufunga neza (agace k'umuyoboro karagutse gakoresheje mandrel irambuye) |
| Umuyoboro warangiye | Ikizamini cyo Kugorora | Genzura ko ubushobozi bwo gupfunyika n'uko ibintu bimeze (umuyoboro upfunyitse hagati y'amasahani ateganye) |
| Umuyoboro warangiye | Isuzuma rya Hydrostatic | Buri gitutu cy'umuyoboro cyapimwe ku gitutu cyagenwe (nta gusohoka byemewe) |
| Umuyoboro warangiye | Ikizamini cya Eddy Current (ET) | Igenzura rihoraho kuri interineti ry'ibitagenda neza ku buso n'ubuso bwo munsi y'ubutaka |
| Umuyoboro warangiye | Isuzuma rya Ultrasonic (UT) | Isuzuma ryuzuye ry'umubiri kugira ngo harebwe inenge z'imbere (ibisabwa by'inyongera) |
| Umuyoboro warangiye | Ikizamini cya Intergranular Corrosion (Ntabwo ari ngombwa) | Genzura uburyo bwo kurwanya ubukana bw'indwara (bikurikije ASTM A262 Practice E) |
| Umuyoboro warangiye | Igenzura ry'ibipimo n'amashusho | Genzura OD, WT, uburebure, imiterere y'ubuso, ubuziranenge |
| Umuyoboro warangiye | Igenzura ry'ibimenyetso | Menya neza ko ikimenyetso gihoraho gikurikije ASTM A213 (igipimo gisanzwe, urwego, ingano, umubare w'ubushyuhe) |
Ibizamini by'inyongera (Ubisabye):
Ikizamini cyo gukurura ubushyuhe bwinshi
Ikizamini cyo gucika kw'imitsi no gucika kw'imitsi
Ikizamini cy'ingaruka za Charpy (ku bushyuhe buri hasi)
Igipimo cy'ingano y'ibinyampeke (kuri ASTM E112)
Ikizamini cya ASTM A262 (Ikizamini cya E - Strauss)
Igipimo cy'ibipimo bya Ferrite (ku byuma bitagira umugese bibiri)
Inyandiko z'ubuziranenge:
Icyemezo cy'ikizamini cy'inganda hakurikijwe EN 10204 Ubwoko bwa 3.1 cyangwa 3.2
Raporo y'ikizamini cya Hydrostatic (umuyoboro ku wundi)
Raporo y'igenzura rya ET / UT
Raporo y'ikizamini cyo gushyushya / gufunga
Uburyo bwo gukurikirana kuva ku mubare w'ubushyuhe kugeza ku muyoboro warangiye
Icyemezo cya NACE MR0175 (iyo ubisabye)
Porogaramu z'ibanze - ASTM A213 TP321 Umuyoboro utagira umugozi w'icyuma kitagira ingano
Imiyoboro y'icyuma kidasagwa ya ASTM A213 TP321 ifite umugozi ni ingenzi mu bushyuhe bwinshi n'ubushyuhe bwangiza mu nganda zitandukanye:
Ingufu zikoreshwa mu gutanga amashanyarazi:Imiyoboro ya Superheater, imiyoboro ishyushya, imiyoboro y'amazi yo ku nkuta za boiler, imitwe y'umwuka, n'imiyoboro minini y'umwuka mu nganda zitanga ingufu zishyuha, utwuma duhuza amashanyarazi, n'inganda zitanga ingufu za kirimbuzi (zitari iz'ibanze). Ubushyuhe bwinshi bwa TP321 bugera kuri 816°C butuma iba nziza cyane mu gukoresha boiler ikomeye cyane.
Utwuma two mu nganda:Sisitemu zo gukora umwuka ushyushye, amabati yo gushyushya amazi ashyushye, amabati yo gushyushya imyanda (WHRB), n'amabati yo gushyushya imyanda (HRSG) yo mu nganda. Uburyo bwo gushimangira titanium butuma habaho kumva ibintu mu gihe cyo gusudira no gutanga serivisi.
Kunoza no Gutunganya Petrokemike:Ibikoresho bihindura ubushyuhe, ibishyushya bitunganya, amatanura acukurwa (ibiceri bya ethylene), imiyoboro ihindura imiterere y'amazi, n'imiyoboro y'amazi ashyushye cyane mu nganda zitunganya no mu nganda zitunganya peteroli. TP321 irwanya kwangirika kwa aside polythionic stress corruption muri serivisi zo gutunganya.
Gutunganya imiti:Imashini zikora ibikoresho bya reakteri, abavugurura, imiyoboro y'ubushyuhe bwinshi ikora imyuka yangiza n'ibinyobwa, hamwe n'ibikoresho byo gukora aside nitrike, aside sulfurike, n'ibinyabutabire bikomoka ku bimera.
Imitwe y'ubushyuhe bwinshi:Imitwe y'umwuka n'uburyo bwinshi bukora ku bushyuhe buri hagati ya 400-800°C aho kudakomera kw'ikirere no kudahindagurika kw'ubushyuhe ari ingenzi cyane.
Imiyoboro y'itanura:Imiyoboro irabagirana, imiyoboro ikoresha convection section, n'imiyoboro itwara amashanyarazi mu itanura ry'inganda, ibyuma bigabanya ubushyuhe, n'ibikoresho bitwika.
Ibikoresho byo guhindura ubushyuhe:Utwuma duhindura ubushyuhe bw'ibishishwa n'imiyoboro, udupfunyika twa U-tube, n'imiyoboro ya condenser kugira ngo bikoreshwe mu bushyuhe bwinshi no kwangiza.
Ibyerekeye Ikiresiteri n'Ubwugarizi:Imiyoboro y'amazi irimo ubushyuhe bwinshi, sisitemu z'umwuka uvamo moteri, hamwe n'ibice by'isitemu yo gusohora umwuka bisaba ubushyuhe bugera kuri 800°C.
Imiti n'Itunganya ry'Ibiryo:Imiyoboro y'umwuka ushyushye cyane n'ibikoresho bisukura aho kurwanya ingese no gusukura ari ngombwa.
Amahame Mpuzamahanga Ahuriweho ku Miyoboro Itagira Umushongi Idafite Ingufu
| Igisanzwe | Izina ryuzuye risanzwe | Amanota akurikizwa | Uburyo busanzwe bwo gukoresha |
| ASTM A213 | Ibipimo ngenderwaho bya Feritiki idafite Seamless na Austenitic Alloy-Steel Boiler, Superheater, na Heat-Exchanger Tubes | TP304, TP304L, TP304H, TP309, TP310, TP316, TP316L, TP316H, TP316Ti, TP321, TP321H, TP347, TP347H | Imiyoboro ya boiler, imiyoboro ishyushya cyane, imiyoboro ihindura ubushyuhe |
| ASTM A312 | Ibipimo ngenderwaho ku miyoboro y'icyuma gikozwe mu byuma bitagira umushongi, bisudiwe, kandi bikonje cyane | TP304 / L, TP316 / L, TP321, TP347, TP904L | Imiyoboro ikoreshwa mu byuma bitagira umuvuduko, imiyoboro ikoresha ingufu |
| ASTM A269 | Ibipimo ngenderwaho ku miyoboro y'icyuma kitagira umushongi kandi gishongeshejwe cya Austenitic Stainless Steel kuri serivisi rusange | TP304 / L, TP316 / L, TP321, TP347 | Serivisi rusange zo gukoresha imiyoboro y'amazi, ibikoresho, ikoreshwa rya mekanike |
| ASTM A789 | Ibipimo ngenderwaho ku miyoboro ya Ferritic/Austenitic Stainless Steel Tubing idafite umugozi kandi ivanze na welded kuri serivisi rusange | S31803 (2205), S32205, S32750 (2507), S32760 | Imiyoboro ibiri y'icyuma kidasagwa, serivisi rusange |
| ASTM A790 | Ibipimo ngenderwaho ku muyoboro w'icyuma kitagira umushongi kandi gishongeshejwe na Ferritic/Austenitic Stainless | S31803 (2205), S32205, S32750 (2507), S32760 | Imiyoboro ibiri y'icyuma kidashonga, ikoreshwa mu gukanda |
| EN 10216-5 | Imiyoboro y'icyuma idafite umushongi ku mpamvu z'umuvuduko - Ibisabwa mu buryo bwa tekiniki mu gutanga - Igice cya 5: Imiyoboro y'icyuma kidafunze | 1.4301 (304), 1.4307 (304L), 1.4401 (316), 1.4404 (316L), 1.4541 (321), 1.4878 (321H), 1.4550 (347) | Intego z'igitutu, isoko ry'i Burayi |
| EN 10305-1 | Imiyoboro y'icyuma ikoreshwa neza - Ibisabwa mu gutanga ibikoresho bya tekiniki - Igice cya 1: Imiyoboro ikonje idakora neza | E215, E235, E355 (icyuma cya karuboni) | Uburyo bwo gukoresha neza, silinda za hydraulic |
| EN 10216-2 | Imiyoboro y'icyuma idafite umushongi ikoreshwa mu gushyushya igitutu - Imiyoboro y'icyuma idakoresha aloyi n'iy'icyuma ifite ubushyuhe bwinshi bwagenwe | P235GH, P265GH, P295GH, P355GH (karuboni/alloy) | Impamvu z'umuvuduko, ubushyuhe bwinshi |
| JIS G3459 | Imiyoboro y'icyuma kidakoresha ifu | SUS304TP, SUS304LTP, SUS316TP, SUS316LTP, SUS321TP, SUS347TP | Imiyoboro y'ibyuma bitagira umugese, isoko ry'Ubuyapani |
| JIS G3463 | Boiler y'icyuma kidakoresha ibyuma bishyushya n'imiyoboro ihindura ubushyuhe | SUS304TKA, SUS316TKA, SUS321TKA, SUS347TKA | Ibyuma bihindura ubushyuhe n'amashanyarazi, isoko ry'Ubuyapani |
| GB/T 14976 | Imiyoboro y'icyuma kitagira umushongi ikoreshwa mu gutwara amazi | 0Cr18Ni9 (304), 00Cr17Ni14Mo2 (316L), 1Cr18Ni9Ti (321) | Ubwikorezi bw'amazi, isoko ry'Ubushinwa |
| GB/T 14975 | Imiyoboro y'icyuma kidafunze idafite umushongi ikoreshwa mu bwubatsi | 0Cr18Ni9 (304), 1Cr18Ni9Ti (321) | Intego z'inyubako, isoko ry'Ubushinwa |
| GB 13296 | Imiyoboro y'icyuma kitagira umushongi ikoreshwa mu gushyushya no mu gushyushya | 0Cr18Ni9 (304), 0Cr17Ni12Mo2 (316), 1Cr18Ni9Ti (321) | Imashini ihindura ubushyuhe n'amashanyarazi, isoko ry'Ubushinwa |
| ISO 1127 | Imiyoboro y'icyuma kidakoresha ifu - Ingano, ubushobozi bwo kwihanganira ibintu n'uburemere busanzwe kuri buri gice cy'uburebure | — | Igipimo ngenderwaho cy'ibipimo ku miyoboro y'icyuma kidashonga |
| NACE MR0175 / ISO 15156 | Inganda za peteroli na gaze karemano - Ibikoresho bikoreshwa mu bidukikije birimo H₂S mu gukora peteroli na gaze | 304 / L, 316 / L, 321, 347, 2205, 2507 | Serivisi mbi, umusaruro wa peteroli na gaze |
Gupakira no Kohereza
Gupfunyika:
Ubwishingizi bw'uburinzi:Amaboko ya pulasitiki cyangwa imipfundikizo ishyirwa kuri buri muyoboro kugira ngo hirindwe gushwanyagurika no guhumeka.
Guteranya:Imiyoboro ifatanye kandi igafatanywa n'imigozi y'icyuma (imigozi 3-5 kuri buri mupfundikizo) ifite inkingi zirinda impfuruka. Impeta z'ibiti cyangwa ifuro hagati y'ibice birinda kwangirika.
Imisozo y'impera:Imipfundikizo ya pulasitiki (PE cyangwa PP) ku mpera zombi irinda impera n'imigozi byangiritse cyangwa bidafite aho bihuriye n'inkongi ndetse n'imyanda ikagera.
Amasanduku y'ibiti:Ku bijyanye n'igiciro cyo hejuru cyangwa amabwiriza akozwe neza, imiyoboro ipakiye mu masanduku akomeye y'ibiti cyangwa mu dusanduku twa plywood kugira ngo irusheho kurindwa.
Amasakoshi yo gusukura amazi:Yongerwaho kugira ngo ikoreshwe mu buryo butabangamira ubushuhe cyangwa mu gutwara ibintu mu mazi maremare.
Kohereza:
Uburyo bwo gutwara abantu:Amato y’ibigega (20ft/40ft), atwara ibintu byinshi (>toni 500), cyangwa atwara ibintu mu kirere kugira ngo byoherezwe mu buryo bw’icyitegererezo.
Gushyira mu bikoresho bya kontenari:Imiyoboro ishyirwa mu bikoresho bisanzwe. Umutwaro ntarengwa: toni 20-25 kuri metero 20, toni 25-28 kuri metero 40.
Ubwikorezi bw'ubwato bwinshi:Amabwiriza manini yinjizwa mu byuma bitwara imizigo binini birimo imitako yo guterura, gukandagira no gufunga imizigo kugira ngo imizigo ikomeze.
Gushyiramo ibirango no kwandika inyandiko:Buri gapfunyika kanditseho urwego, ibipimo, ingano, nomero y'ubushyuhe. Inyandiko zuzuye zo kohereza (fagitire, urutonde rw'ibipakiye, inyemezabwishyu y'imizigo, COO, MTC) zateguwe kugira ngo zisohorwe kuri gasutamo.
Kwizirika mu buryo bwizewe:Imigozi ihambiriwe n'imigozi y'icyuma, imifuka yo mu bwoko bwa dunnage, cyangwa imigozi y'ibiti kugira ngo hirindwe ko ibintu bihinduka mu gihe cyo kunyuramo.
Gukurikirana no Kwishingiza:Nimero zo gukurikirana kontineri ziratangwa. Ubwishingizi bw'imizigo yo mu mazi buraboneka iyo ubisabye.
Gupakira no Kohereza
Gupfunyika:
- Ubwishingizi bw'uburinzi:Amaboko ya pulasitiki cyangwa imipfundikizo ishyirwa kuri buri muyoboro kugira ngo hirindwe gushwanyagurika no guhumeka.
- Guteranya:Imiyoboro ifatanye kandi igafatanywa n'imigozi y'icyuma (imigozi 3-5 kuri buri mupfundikizo) ifite inkingi zirinda impfuruka. Impeta z'ibiti cyangwa ifuro hagati y'ibice birinda kwangirika.
- Imisozo y'impera:Imipfundikizo ya pulasitiki (PE cyangwa PP) ku mpera zombi irinda impera n'imigozi byangiritse cyangwa bidafite aho bihuriye n'inkongi ndetse n'imyanda ikagera.
- Amasanduku y'ibiti:Ku bijyanye n'igiciro cyo hejuru cyangwa amabwiriza akozwe neza, imiyoboro ipakiye mu masanduku akomeye y'ibiti cyangwa mu dusanduku twa plywood kugira ngo irusheho kurindwa.
- Amasakoshi yo gusukura amazi:Yongerwaho kugira ngo ikoreshwe mu buryo butabangamira ubushuhe cyangwa mu gutwara ibintu mu mazi maremare.
Kohereza:
Uburyo bwo gutwara abantu:Amato y’ibigega (20ft/40ft), atwara ibintu byinshi (>toni 500), cyangwa atwara ibintu mu kirere kugira ngo byoherezwe mu buryo bw’icyitegererezo.
Gushyira mu bikoresho bya kontenari:Imiyoboro ishyirwa mu bikoresho bisanzwe. Umutwaro ntarengwa: toni 20-25 kuri metero 20, toni 25-28 kuri metero 40.
Ubwikorezi bw'ubwato bwinshi:Amabwiriza manini yinjizwa mu byuma bitwara imizigo binini birimo imitako yo guterura, gukandagira no gufunga imizigo kugira ngo imizigo ikomeze.
Gushyiramo ibirango no kwandika inyandiko:Buri gapfunyika kanditseho urwego, ibipimo, ingano, nomero y'ubushyuhe. Inyandiko zuzuye zo kohereza (fagitire, urutonde rw'ibipakiye, inyemezabwishyu y'imizigo, COO, MTC) zateguwe kugira ngo zisohorwe kuri gasutamo.
Kwizirika mu buryo bwizewe:Imigozi ihambiriwe n'imigozi y'icyuma, imifuka yo mu bwoko bwa dunnage, cyangwa imigozi y'ibiti kugira ngo hirindwe ko ibintu bihinduka mu gihe cyo kunyuramo.
Gukurikirana no Kwishingiza:Nimero zo gukurikirana kontineri ziratangwa. Ubwishingizi bw'imizigo yo mu mazi buraboneka iyo ubisabye.
Incamake y'Ikoreshwa ry'Inganda Zisanzwe
| Inganda | Porogaramu | Impamyabumenyi isabwa |
| Kubyaza Ingufu | Imiyoboro y'amashanyarazi, imiyoboro ishyushya, inkuta z'amazi ya boiler, imitwe y'umwuka | TP321, TP321H, TP347H |
| Ibinyabutabire bya peteroli | Imiyoboro y'itanura icikamo etileni, imiyoboro ivugurura, imiyoboro ihindura ubushyuhe | TP321, TP321H, TP347 |
| Peteroli na Gazi | Imiyoboro y'ubushyuhe bwinshi, imiyoboro ihindura ubushyuhe, ibyuma bishyushya | TP321, TP316/L, 2205 |
| Gutunganya imiti | Imashini zikora reactor, imiyoboro y'ubushyuhe bwinshi, serivisi yo kwangiza | TP321, TP316/L, 904L |
| Imiti | Imiyoboro y'umwuka isukuye cyane, ibikoresho byo gutunganya ibikoresho bidafite ubusembwa | TP304/L, TP316/L (Impera ya BA) |
| Ibyokurya n'ibinyobwa | Ibikoresho byo gutunganya, imiyoboro y'umwuka ushyushye cyane | TP304/L, TP316/L (Impera ya BA) |
| Gutunganya | Ibishyushya byanduye, ibishyushya bivamo umwuka, ibicanwa bya catalytic | TP321H, TP347H |
| Ibyerekeye ikirere | Imiyoboro y'amazi ishyushye cyane, sisitemu zo gusohora imyuka | TP321, 17-4PH |
| Gukuraho umunyu | Ibishyushya amazi ashyushye n'ibishyushya amazi bishyushya ubushyuhe bwinshi | TP316/L, 2205, 2507 |
| Ibinyamisogwe n'impapuro | Imiyoboro y'ibiryo byo kogosha, imiyoboro y'ibimera bya bleach, imiyoboro yo kugarura amazi | TP316/L, 2205, 904L |
Ibyiza n'Ibibazo Bikunze Kubazwa ku Cyuma cya Womic
Kuki wafatanya na Womic Steel mu gukora imiyoboro idafite imisumari?
Urutonde rwuzuye rw'amanota:Ibyuma byose bya austenitic (304/304L, 316/316L, 321/321H, 347/347H, 310S), duplex (2205, 2507), na super austenitic (904L) by'icyuma kidafunze bifite umugozi munsi y'igisenge kimwe.
Iyubahirizwa ry'amahame menshi:ASTM A213, A312, A269, A789, A790, EN 10216-5, EN 10305-1, GB/T 14976, JIS G3459, JIS G3463. Umutanga serivisi umwe ku bijyanye n'ibikenewe ku isoko bitandukanye.
Gukora mu buryo bunoze:Uburyo bwo gukurura ubukonje n'ubukonje buzingurutse (bukozwe mu mazi) butuma habaho ubushobozi bwo kwihanganira ibintu mu buryo buhamye (± 0.05mm ku miyoboro ikora neza) n'ubuso bwiza (BA, indorerwamo, ikozwe mu mazi).
Gukurikirana byuzuye:Buri muyoboro ushobora gukurikiranwa kuva ku mubare w'ubushyuhe kugeza ku gicuruzwa cyarangiye hamwe n'inyandiko yuzuye.
Serivisi zo Kongera Agaciro:Imiterere y'insinga (30-35°), gukata impande zisanzwe, gukurura ubudodo, gushyiraho imipfundikizo ya pulasitiki, no kurangiza ubuso (BA, yahiye, irangi, indorerwamo) biraboneka mu nzu.
Igenzura ry'Ubuziranenge:Ikizamini cya hydrostatic 100%, ikizamini cya eddy current (ET), ikizamini cya ultrasound (UT), ikizamini cyo gutwika no gufunga gikorerwa kuri buri muyoboro.
Igenzura ry’umuntu wa gatatu:Koroshya igenzura ryakozwe na DNV, BV, SGS, TÜV, ABS, LR. Impamyabushobozi 3.2 zatanzwe iyo zisabwe.
Ibikoresho Mpuzamahanga:Ubufatanye bw’ingamba n’abatwara imizigo mu rwego rwo kunoza uburyo bwo gupakira amakontenari no kohereza ibicuruzwa ku isi yose mu buryo buhendutse.
Inkunga ya tekiniki:Itsinda ry'abahanga mu by'ubwubatsi rirahari kugira ngo rihitemo ibikoresho, risimbuze amanota, kandi ritange inama ku bijyanye n'ikoreshwa ry'ibikoresho.
Hitamo Womic Steel Group nk'umufatanyabikorwa wawe wizeye ku miyoboro myiza ya ASTM A213 TP321 y'icyuma kidasagwa kandi idafite umugozi hamwe n'imikorere myiza yo gutanga ibikoresho bya boiler, imashini ihindura ubushyuhe, n'imishinga ya peteroli ku isi yose. Murakaza neza kubaza!
Urubuga: www.womicsteel.com
Imeri: sales@womicsteel.com
Terefone/WhatsApp/WeChat:
Victor: +86-15575100681
Jack: +86-18390957568
Ibibazo Bikunze Kubazwa (Ibibazo Bikunze Kubazwa)
Q: Ni ubuhe bushyuhe ntarengwa bwo gukora kuri TP310S?
A: TP310S ikwiriye gukoreshwa mu buryo buhoraho kugeza kuri 1150°C (2100°F). Ibikoresho bitangira koroha hejuru ya 800°C, ariko bigakomeza kuba imiterere myiza no kudakoresha ogisijeni kugeza kuri 1150°C. Ku bushyuhe buri hejuru ya 1150°C, ni byiza gukoresha alloys zishingiye kuri nikeli (Inconel, nibindi).
Q: Ni irihe tandukaniro riri hagati ya TP310 na TP310S?
A: TP310 ifite ingano ya karuboni nyinshi (≤0.15%) kugira ngo yongere imbaraga z'ubushyuhe bwinshi, mu gihe TP310S ifite carbon nkeya (≤0.08%) kugira ngo yongere imbaraga zo gusudira no kurwanya ingese. TP310S ikoreshwa cyane mu miyoboro y'itanura n'ibikoresho bitunganya ubushyuhe.
Q: Ni iyihe ngano y'igishinwa ingana na TP310S?
A: Igipimo cy'Abashinwa kingana na 06Cr25Ni20 (GB/T standard) cyangwa 0Cr25Ni20 (izina rya kera), rizwi kandi nka 2520 stainless steel.
Q: Ni iki gituma TP310S irwanya ogisijeni y'ubushyuhe bwinshi?
A: Ingano nyinshi ya chromium (24-26%) ikora urwego rudahindagurika rwa chromium oxyde (Cr₂O₃) ku buso, rutanga ubudahangarwa budasanzwe ku gupima no kugabanya ubushyuhe mu bushyuhe bwinshi. Ingano nyinshi ya nikeli (19-22%) ikomeza imiterere ya austenitic kandi igatanga imbaraga nziza zo kuzamuka.
Q: Ni izihe porogaramu zisanzwe zikoreshwa ku miyoboro ya TP310S?
A: Imiyoboro y'inganda, imiyoboro irabagirana, ibikoresho bivura ubushyuhe, amatanura, imiyoboro y'amazi, ibicanwa bya ethylene, ibisigazwa by'ubushyuhe, ibikoresho byo gutwika, ibikoresho by'uruganda rwa sima, ibishyushya binini, n'ibishyushya byo gutunganya ibikoresho.
Q: Ni ubuhe buryo bwo kuvura ubushyuhe bwa TP310S busabwa?
A: Gutera umuti ku bushyuhe bwa 1030-1180°C hagakurikiraho gukonjesha vuba (kuzimya amazi cyangwa gukonjesha umwuka). Ubu buryo bushongesha karubide kandi bugatanga imiterere myiza yo gutanga serivisi z'ubushyuhe bwinshi.
Q: Ese TP310S ishobora gusudira? Hari ibisabwa byihariye?
A: Yego, TP310S itanga ubushobozi bwo gusudira neza bitewe n'uko ifite karuboni nkeya. Uburyo bwo gusudira busabwa: TIG, MIG, na SMAW. Koresha icyuma gihuye na ER310 cyangwa E310. Gushyushya ubushyuhe muri rusange ntabwo ari ngombwa. Ku bijyanye no gukoresha ubushyuhe bwinshi, kugenzura neza uburyo bwo gushyiramo ubushyuhe ni ngombwa.
Q: Ni iyihe NDT iboneka kuri tube za TP310S?
A: Gupima hifashishijwe amazi (buri muyoboro) cyangwa ikizamini cy’umuyoboro wa eddy (ET) ni itegeko. Ibizamini bitari ngombwa birimo gupima hifashishijwe ikoranabuhanga (ultrasound), gupima umuriro, no gupima ku buryo bworoshye. Ku bijyanye no gukoresha imiyoboro y’itanura, 100% UT ikunze kugenwa.
Q: Ni ryari igihe gisanzwe cyo gutanga imiyoboro ya ASTM A213 TP310S idakora neza?
A: Ingano z'imigabane: iminsi 20-30. Ingano zihariye: iminsi 35-50. Ibisabwa byihariye (3.2 icyemezo, igenzura ry'umuntu wa gatatu) byongerwaho iminsi 10-15.
Q: Ni izihe nyandiko utanga ku bijyanye no kohereza imodoka za TP310S?
A: Icyemezo cy'ikizamini cy'inganda (EN 10204 Ubwoko bwa 3.1 cyangwa 3.2), raporo y'imiterere y'imiti, raporo y'ikizamini cyo gukurura (icyumba n'ubushyuhe bwinshi), raporo y'ikizamini cya hydrostatic, raporo y'ikizamini cyo gutwika/gutumura, raporo ya NDT (UT / ET), raporo y'ibipimo, urutonde rw'ibipakiye, inyemezabuguzi, inyemezabuguzi y'imizigo.
Q: Ni ibihe bisoza ubuso biboneka ku miyoboro ya TP310S?
A: Yakuweho ibinure kandi igashyirwamo ibinyampeke (bisanzwe, bikuraho ibipimo kandi bigatanga ubuso busukuye), yakuweho ibipimo by'ubushyuhe (BA - ubuso bugarura urumuri bufite ubunini buke), kandi irangijwe (irangirana n'ibice bitandukanye by'ubushyuhe).
Q: Ese TP310S ikwiriye porogaramu za ASME Code?
A: Yego. TP310S yemejwe hakurikijwe ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code Section II nka SA-213 TP310S. Gushyiraho kashe n'icyemezo bya kode biraboneka iyo ubisabye.
Q: Ni irihe tandukaniro riri hagati ya TP310S na TP309S?
A: TP309S irimo 22-24% Cr na 12-15% Ni, mu gihe TP310S irimo 24-26% Cr na 19-22% Ni. TP310S itanga ubushobozi bwo kurwanya ogisijeni n'ubushyuhe bwinshi (1150°C ugereranije na 1050°C). TP310S irakunzwe cyane mu gukoresha ubushyuhe bwinshi.
Q: Ese TP310S ishobora gukoreshwa mu miyoboro ishyushya cyane mu byuma bitanga ingufu?
A: Yego, ariko ubusanzwe gusa ku bice byihariye bya superheaters zifite ubushyuhe bwinshi aho ubushyuhe burenze ubushobozi bwa TP304H cyangwa TP347H. Ku ma superheaters menshi ya boilers zikoresha ingufu, TP304H cyangwa TP347H ni byo bihendutse cyane.
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