Ibisobanuro by'igicuruzwa
Ingano y'umuyoboro w'icyuma kidafunze udafite umugozi:Ingano yo hanze: 21.3mm – 914mm (1/2″ – 36″), Ubunini bw'urukuta: 0.5mm – 50mm (Gahunda 5S, 10S, 40S, 80S, 160, XXS), Uburebure: 6m – 12m bisanzwe, uburebure bwihariye kugeza kuri 18m
Igipimo n'Icyiciro cy'Umuyoboro w'Icyuma Kidafunze Udakora:ASTM A312 TP316, TP316L; na ASME SA312; EN 10216-5 1.4401, 1.4404; Bingana na AISI 316, 316L; JIS G3459 SUS316TP, SUS316LTP
Imikoreshereze y'Umuyoboro w'Icyuma Kidafunze Udafite Umugozi:Imbuga zo mu mazi n'izo mu nyanja (gukonjesha amazi yo mu nyanja, amazi y'umuriro, imiyoboro ya ballast), inganda zikora imiti na peteroli (chloride, aside organic), inganda zikora imiti (WFI, amazi meza), inganda zitunganya ibiribwa (ibidukikije birimo koloride nyinshi), inganda zikora bleach n'impapuro, inganda zihindura ubushyuhe n'ibikonjesha, inganda zikuraho umunyu, inganda zitunganya peteroli na gaze (serivisi ishyushye irimo koloride), ibikoresho byo gusiga amarangi mu myenda, inyubako z'ubwubatsi ku nkombe, imiyoboro y'amazi ikoresha umuvuduko mwinshi, serivisi y'ubushyuhe
Womic Steel itanga ibiciro byiza kandi bishimishije bya ASTM A312 TP316/316L umuyoboro w'icyuma kidapfa gushonga, umuyoboro wa SMLS udapfa gushonga, umuyoboro ukonje udapfa gushonga, umuyoboro wa 316 udapfa gushonga, umuyoboro wa marine udapfa gushonga, umuyoboro udapfa gushonga ufite umuvuduko mwinshi. Icyemezo cy'uruganda EN 10204 3.1/3.2, ikizamini cy'amazi, UT/ET, umuti upfunyitse, impera zikozwe mu bimera/zisanzwe, irangi rya pickled/polished/electropolished rirahari. Irahari ku isoko ry'inganda ku mishinga yo mu mazi, imiti, n'isuku nyinshi ku isi.
Womic Steel: Ubushobozi bwo gukora n'imbaraga z'ikigo
Womic Steel Group ni uruganda rukora ibikoresho bikomeye kandi rutumiza mu mahanga ku isi rufite ubunararibonye bw'imyaka irenga 20 mu gukora ibikoresho by'ibyuma bitagira umugozi bidafite umugozi. Urwego rwacu rugezweho rukora imiyoboro idafite umugozi rukoresha uburyo bwo gukurura imiyoboro ishyushye n'ikoreshwa ry'imiyoboro ikonje kugira ngo rugere ku bipimo nyabyo no ku bwiza bw'ubuso:
Umurongo Udakonje (CD) Udakonje:Ku mpande z'umurambararo kuva kuri 21.3mm kugeza kuri 219.1mm (1/2″ – 8″), ubugari bw'urukuta kuva kuri 1.0mm kugeza kuri 25mm. Igishushanyo gikonje gitanga ubuziranenge buhanitse (ubworoherane bukomeye), irangi ryiza cyane ry'ubuso, n'imiterere myiza ya mekanike binyuze mu gukomereza imirimo hagakurikiraho gufunga umuti. Bikunda gukoreshwa mu gusukura cyane, gukoresha umuvuduko mwinshi, no gukoresha ibikoresho.
Umurongo Udashyushye Urangiye (HF) Udapfundikiye:Ku ngano y'umurambararo kuva kuri mm 114.3 kugeza kuri mm 610 (4″ – 24″), ubugari bw'urukuta kuva kuri mm 4.0 kugeza kuri mm 50. Uburyo bwo kuzingurura bushyuha butanga imiyoboro iremereye yo ku rukuta ikoreshwa mu gukoresha imiti n'amazi mu mazi ku giciro gito.
Umurongo utagira umugozi wo gusohora/Umurambararo munini:Ku mpande z'umurambararo kuva kuri 219mm kugeza 914mm (8″ – 36″), ubugari bw'urukuta kuva kuri 6.0mm kugeza 50mm. Ikoresha extrusion ishyushye ikurikirwa na pilger rolling kugira ngo ikore imiyoboro minini idahindagurika aho imiyoboro ivanze itemewe cyangwa aho uburebure bw'urukuta busaba ubuziranenge budahindagurika.
Imiyoboro yose y'icyuma kidashonga neza inyura mu buryo bwo gushyushya (gutunganya ubushyuhe) kuri 1040-1120°C hagakurikiraho kuzimya amazi cyangwa gukonjesha vuba kugira ngo ishongeshe karubide, igabanye imihangayiko y'imbere mu kazi k'ubukonje, kandi igasubizaho ubudahangarwa bwuzuye bw'ingufu, hagakurikiraho gukaraba no gusimbuza kugira ngo ubushyuhe bukureho.
Impamyabumenyi z'Ubuziranenge n'Iyubahirizwa ry'Amategeko:
Icyemezo cya ISO 9001:2015
PED 2014/68/EU (CE Marking) ku bikoresho bitanga umuvuduko
Icyemezo cya EN 10204 3.2 gifite icyemezo cy’uruhande rwa gatatu (TÜV, BV, SGS, LR)
Ubugenzuzi bw'Uruhande rwa Gatatu (TPI) bwemewe na SGS, BV, ABS, DNV, TÜV
NORSOK M-650 (iyo ubisabye gusaba mu mahanga)
Itegeko ry'uburyo bwo gukaraba icyuma gishyushya n'umuvuduko wa ASME (Ingingo ya VIII, Div. 1)
NACE MR0175 / ISO 15156 kugira ngo ubone serivisi nziza (iyo ubisabye)
Uburyo bworoshye bwo gukora:
Ifoto ikozwe mu bukonje: 21.3–219.1mm OD × 1.0–25mm Ubwinshi × ≤ 12m
Ishyushye Irangiye: 114.3–610mm OD × 4.0–50mm Uburemere × ≤ 12m
Ubugari bwo gusohora/Ubunini: 219–914mm OD × 6.0–50mm Uburemere × ≤ 18m
Amahitamo yo kurangiza: Yashyizwemo ibinyampeke n'ibitonore, yashyizwemo ibinyampeke by'umukara (BA), yashyizwemo irangi (180# kugeza 600#), irangi ry'indorerwamo, yashyizwemo irangi ry'amashanyarazi kugira ngo ikoreshwe mu buvuzi.
Womic Steel itanga imiyoboro y'icyuma kidashonga neza mu bihugu birenga 80 mu nganda zo mu mazi, izikoresha imiti, izikoresha peteroli, izikoresha imiti, izikoresha ibiribwa n'ibinyobwa, ndetse n'izikoresha amashanyarazi mu mahanga.
ASTM A312 TP316/316L: Imiterere y'ibikoresho n'imikorere yabyo
ASTM A312 TP316 na TP316L ni ibyuma bitagira umugese bya austenitic bifite molybdenum, bitanga ubushobozi bwo kurwanya ingese kurusha 304, cyane cyane mu bidukikije bya chloride. Ingano ya molybdenum (2-3%) itanga ubushobozi bwo kurwanya ingese zipfukirana n'ibice. Ingano ya 316L ifite karuboni nkeya (0.03% ntarengwa) kugira ngo yongere ubushobozi bwo kurwanya ingese zipfukirana nyuma yo gusudira.
Ibikubiye mu binyabutabire (Isesengura ry'inkombe, % ku bunini):
| Igice | TP316 (ASTM A312) | TP316L (ASTM A312) |
| C | ≤ 0.08 | ≤ 0.030 |
| Mn | ≤ 2.00 | ≤ 2.00 |
| P | ≤ 0.045 | ≤ 0.045 |
| S | ≤ 0.030 | ≤ 0.030 |
| Si | ≤ 1.00 | ≤ 1.00 |
| Cr | 16.0 – 18.0 | 16.0 – 18.0 |
| Ni | 10.0 – 14.0 | 10.0 – 14.0 |
| Mo | 2.00 – 3.00 | 2.00 – 3.00 |
| N | ≤ 0.10 | ≤ 0.10 |
Imiterere ya mekanike (Ubushyuhe bw'icyumba, Umuti washyizwemo):
| Umutungo | TP316 | TP316L |
| Imbaraga z'umusaruro (uburemere, 0.2% by'igabanuka) | 205 MPa (30.000 psi) | 170 MPa (24,700 psi) |
| Imbaraga zo Gufata (iminota) | 515 MPa (74,700 psi) | 485 MPa (70,300 psi) |
| Uburebure (ubugari bwa minini, 50mm) | 35% | 35% |
| Ubukomere (ntarengwa) | 90 HRB (192 HBW) | 90 HRB (192 HBW) |
Imiterere ifatika:
Ubucucike: 8.00 g/cm³
Modulus yo guhagarara: 193 GPa (28 × 10⁶ psi)
Ubushobozi bwo gutwara ubushyuhe: 16.3 W/m·K kuri 100°C
Igipimo cy'ubushyuhe: 15.9 × 10⁻⁶/°C (0-100°C)
Ubushobozi bw'amashanyarazi: 74 μΩ·cm kuri 20°C
Ubudahangarwa ku ngaruka:
Gushyira Kurwanya Umubare uhwanye (PREN) = Cr% + 3.3 (Mo%) + 16 (N%) ≈ 24-26 (vs 304 PREN ≈ 18-19)
Irwanya cyane ingese n'imyobo mu duce twa chloride (iruta 304)
Irwanya neza aside (sulfure, fosiferi) kugeza ku rugero ruringaniye
Ubudahangarwa bwiza cyane ku bidukikije bya aside organic n'ikirere cyo mu nyanja
Irwanya ingese hagati y'udusimba (316L nziza nyuma yo gusudira)
Ikwiriye serivisi yo gukaraba (NACE MR0175) hamwe no kugenzura neza ubukana
Imiterere y'ubushyuhe buke:
TP316 na TP316L bigumana ubukomere bwiza kugeza kuri -196°C (-320°F)
Yemerwa na ASME B31.3 kugira ngo ikoreshwe ku bushyuhe buri hasi nka -250°C nta gupima ingaruka
Nta mpinduka iva kuri ductile ijya kuri brittle; ikomeza kuba austenitic ku bushyuhe bukabije
Iyubahirizwa ry'Uburebure bw'Ibipimo n'Amahame
| Ikintu | Ibisobanuro |
| Igisanzwe | ASTM A312 / ASME SA312 (na A269, A213, A999) |
| Uburyo bwo gukora | Igishushanyo mbonera gikonje (CD), Igishyushye cyarangiye (HF), Gusohora |
| Intera y'Ubugari bwo Hanze | 21.3mm – 914mm (1/2″ – 36″) |
| Ubunini bw'urukuta | 0.5mm – 50mm (Gahunda ya 5S, 10S, 40S, 80S, 160, XXS) |
| Intera y'uburebure | Uburebure busanzwe: 6m; Uburebure: 12m, 18m, kugeza kuri 18m |
| Irangizwa rya nyuma | Impera Isanzwe (PE), Impera Ifite Imigozi (BE), Ifite Imigozi (iyo ubisabye) |
| Kurangiza ubuso | Yakuwemo n'ibinyampeke, Yakuwemo neza (BA), Yasekuye (180# kugeza 600#), Indorerwamo (800#), Yasekuye neza |
| Ibyihanganire (kuri ASTM A999) | OD: ± 0.5% cyangwa ± 3.2mm; Uburemere: ± 12.5% (OD < 4″) / ± 15% (OD ≥ 4″); Uburebure: + 50mm / -0mm |
| Kugororoka | ≤ 0.2% by'uburebure bwose (bwafashwe ukonje); ≤ 0.25% (bwarangiye bushyushye) |
Ibipimo n'Ibisobanuro bihari – Umuyoboro w'icyuma kitagira umushongi wa ASTM A312 TP316/316L (Ingano zisanzwe zatoranijwe)
| NPS | OD (mm) | Gahunda | Uburemere (mm) | Uburemere (kg/m2) | Inzira | Uburebure Busanzwe | Uburyo busanzwe bwo gukoresha |
| 1/2″ | 21.3 | 40S | 2.77 | 1.27 | CD | 6m | Ibikoresho byo mu mazi |
| 3/4″ | 26.7 | 40S | 2.87 | 1.69 | CD | 6m | Gupima imiti |
| 1″ | 33.4 | 40S | 3.38 | 2.50 | CD | 6m | Amazi yo mu mazi |
| 1-1/2″ | 48.3 | 40S | 3.68 | 4.05 | CD | 6m | Imirongo y'ibikorwa |
| 2″ | 60.3 | 40S | 3.91 | 5.44 | CD | 6m / 12m | Imiyoboro y'amazi yo mu nyanja |
| 2-1/2″ | 73.0 | 40S | 5.16 | 8.63 | CD | 6m / 12m | Umuvuduko mwinshi |
| 3″ | 88.9 | 40S | 5.49 | 11.3 | CD/HF | 6m / 12m | Ibikoresho byo guhinduranya ubushyuhe |
| 4″ | 114.3 | 40S | 6.02 | 16.1 | CD/HF | 6m / 12m | Uburyo bw'imiti |
| 5″ | 141.3 | 40S | 6.55 | 21.8 | HF | 6m / 12m | Imiyoboro y'umuvuduko |
| 6″ | 168.3 | 40S | 7.11 | 28.3 | HF | 6m / 12m | Ibinyamisogwe n'impapuro |
| 8″ | 219.1 | 40S | 8.18 | 42.6 | HF/Ext | Metero 12 | Urubuga rwo hanze y'inyanja |
| 10″ | 273.0 | 40S | 9.27 | 60.3 | HF/Ext | Metero 12 | Gukuraho umunyu |
| 12″ | 323.9 | 40S | 9.53 | 74.0 | Ibisobanuro | Metero 12 | Inzu nkuru y'ubwato |
| 14″ | 355.6 | 40S | 11.13 | 94.6 | Ibisobanuro | Metero 12 | Uruganda rw'imiti |
| 16″ | 406.4 | 40S | 12.70 | 123.4 | Ibisobanuro | Metero 12 | Umutwe w'inyuma y'inyanja |
| 18″ | 457.2 | 40S | 14.27 | 156.0 | Ibisobanuro | Metero 12 | Ubunini bw'umurambararo |
| 20″ | 508.0 | 40S | 15.09 | 183.5 | Ibisobanuro | Metero 12 | Amazi y'ingenzi yo mu nyanja |
| 24″ | 609.6 | 40S | 17.48 | 255.5 | Ibisobanuro | Metero 12 | Ijwi rinini |
| 30″ | 762.0 | Ihariye | 15.9 – 30.0 | Biratandukanye | Ibisobanuro | Metero 12 | Serivisi zidasanzwe |
| 36″ | 914.4 | Ihariye | 19.0 – 40.0 | Biratandukanye | Ibisobanuro | Metero 12 | Ubunini bw'umurambararo |
Ingano zihariye hanze y'izi nganda ziraboneka iyo ubisabye. Imiyoboro ishyushye irangiye kugeza kuri 610mm OD; ingano nini binyuze mu gusohora.
Amabwiriza n'Ingano by'Umuyoboro w'Icyuma Gitambitse Udapfutse Byakozwe na Womic Steel
| Igisanzwe | Ibyiciro by'icyuma | Uburyo busanzwe bwo gukoresha | Uburyo bwo gukora |
| ASTM A312 | TP316, TP316L, TP304, TP304L, TP321, TP347 | Serivisi ikoresha ubushyuhe bwinshi kandi irwanya ubushyuhe muri rusange | CD/HF/Extension |
| ASTM A213 | TP316, TP316L, TP316H, TP304, TP304L, TP304H, TP321, TP321H | Boiler, superheater, imiyoboro ihindura ubushyuhe | CD |
| ASTM A269 | TP316, TP316L, TP304, TP304L | Imiyoboro rusange ya serivisi (ibikoresho, hydraulic) | CD |
| ASTM A511 | 316, 316L, 304, 304L | Imiyoboro y'amashanyarazi (umwobo w'ubururu) | CD/HF |
| EN 10216-5 | 1.4401 (316), 1.4404 (316L), 1.4301 (304), 1.4307 (304L) | Imiterere y'igitutu, idafite umushongi ukozwe mu cyuma gifunganye | CD/HF |
| JIS G3459 | SUS316TP, SUS316LTP, SUS304TP, SUS304LTP | Imiyoboro ifite umuvuduko mwinshi | CD/HF |
| NACE MR0175 | 316L (serivisi idafite ingano) | Ibidukikije bya peteroli na gaze H₂S | CD/HF |
Ikoreshwa:Ibidukikije byo mu mazi, gutunganya imiti, imiti, peteroli na gaze (serivisi y'umunyu), gukuramo umunyu, ibikoresho bihindura ubushyuhe, imiyoboro y'umuvuduko, gutwara amazi afite umuvuduko mwinshi, urubuga rwo mu nyanja, impumuro n'impapuro.
Uburyo bwo gukora - Umuyoboro w'icyuma kidafunze utagira umugozi (Ukonje / Ushyushye / Usohoka)
Womic Steel ikoresha inzira eshatu z'ibanze zikozwe mu buryo bunoze mu gukora TP316/316L.
Uburyo bwo gushushanya (CD) - Ubugari buto kugeza ku buringanire buri hagati (21.3–219.1mm OD, 1.0–25mm WIT):
Igenzura ry'ibikoresho fatizo (Billet):Ibyuma bitagira umugese byemejwe ko bifite TP316/316L (Cr 16-18%, Ni 10-14%, Mo 2-3%, C ≤ 0.08% kuri 316, ≤ 0.03% kuri 316L). Buri byuma bifite inomero yihariye y'ubushyuhe kugira ngo bikurikirane neza.
Gutegura imyitozo ngororamubiri:Ibice by'inyuma biciwe ku burebure, bicukurwa hagati, bishyushye kugeza kuri 1150-1250°C.
Gutobora / Gucura ibyuma bizunguruka:Inyama zo mu bwoko bwa Mannesmann zishyushye zitobowe n'umugozi kugira ngo hakorwe igikonoshwa cy'ubusa.
Gushyuha cyane (Umugenzi / Uruganda rukomeza):Igikonoshwa cy'ubururu cyazungurutse ku rubaho rwa mandrel kugeza ku bipimo biri hagati.
Guteka (Bishyushye bizinze):Gukuraho igipimo mbere yo gushushanya ahantu hakonje.
Igishushanyo Gikonje (Amapasi Menshi):Umuyoboro uca mu cyuma ukoresheje plagi igenda irekura kugira ngo ugere ku bipimo nyabyo bya nyuma. Unyuramo inshuro nyinshi ukoresheje uburyo bwo gufunga hagati kugira ngo ugabanye cyane. Gushushanya ukonje byongera ubwiza bw'ibipimo (kwihanganira cyane) no kurangiza neza ubuso.
Uburyo bwo kuvura ubushyuhe (Gukoresha umuti wo gushyushya):1040-1120°C, amazi azimya cyangwa umwuka urimo imbaraga. Ni ingenzi cyane mu gushonga karubide za molybdenum.
Kugorora:Imashini yo koroshya ibintu byinshi ifasha koroshya ibintu neza ≤ 0.2% by'uburebure.
Gukata kugeza ku burebure:Umukero ukozwe mu buryo bwikora kandi ugenzurwa neza n'uburebure bwawo.
Guteka no gushyuha:Gukuraho ubushyuhe no gusubizaho urwego rwa okiside idakoreshejwe.
Ikizamini Kidasenya:Ikizamini cya Eddy current (100%) kuri ASTM A312; ikizamini cya hydrostatic ni ngombwa kugira ngo umuntu ahabwe serivisi y'umuvuduko.
Igenzura rya nyuma n'ibimenyetso:Ikimenyetso gihoraho kuri ASTM A312 (urwego, ingano, inomero y'ubushyuhe, uwakoze).
Uburyo bushyushye burangiye (HF) – Ubugari buri hagati kugeza kuri bunini (114.3–610mm OD, 4.0–50mm WIT):
Gushyushya Ifishi:1200-1280°C
Gutobora / Gutobora imigozi
Gutembera Guhoraho (Mandrel Mill):Ishyushye cyane kugeza ku bipimo bya nyuma.
Ingano y'urusyo:Ivugurura rya nyuma ry'umurambararo.
Gufata umuti:1040-1120°C, amazi azima.
Kugorora no Gukata Kurebure
Guteka no gushyuha
NDT:100% UT cyangwa ikizamini cya hydrostatic.
Igenzura rya nyuma n'ibimenyetso
Uburyo bwo Gusohora - Umurambararo munini cyane (219–914mm OD, 6.0–50mm WIT):
Gutegura no Gushyushya Imbunda:1150-1250°C
Gutobora / Mbere yo Gutobora
Gusohora:Imashini ishyushye ikoresheje hydraulic press (toni 3000-6000).
Gufata umuti:1040-1120°C, amazi azima.
Guteka no gushyuha
Ikizamini cya NDT n'amazi
Igenzura rya nyuma n'ibimenyetso
Ibyiza by'umuyoboro wa 316/316L udafite umugozi:
Nta mushonge wo gusudira - bikuraho ingese iterwa no gusudira kandi bikuraho ibyago byo kwangirika k'umushonge wo gusudira mu gihe cy'ubushyuhe bwinshi bwa kloride
Imiterere y'ibinyampeke imwe n'imiterere ihamye y'imashini
Igipimo cy'umuvuduko kiri hejuru (nta kintu gifasha guhuza ingingo gukora neza)
Isura nziza cyane (cyane cyane ikonje)
Bikunda gukoreshwa mu buryo bwo gusukura cyane (imiti) no mu buryo bworoshye bwo mu mazi
Uburyo bwo kugenzura no gupima ubuziranenge bw'umuyoboro wa ASTM A312 TP316/316L w'icyuma kidafunze kidafunze neza
| Urugendo | Uburyo bwo kugenzura | Intego |
| Ibikoresho fatizo (Billet) | Isesengura ry'ibinyabutabire (OES Spectrometer) | Genzura imiterere ya TP316/316L (Cr 16-18%, Ni 10-14%, Mo 2-3%, C ≤ 0.08% cyangwa ≤ 0.03%) |
| Ibikoresho fatizo (Billet) | Isuzuma ry'umukandara | Genzura imiterere ya mekanike kuri buri cyiciro |
| Muri gahunda | Igenzura ry'ibipimo (OD, WT) | Gukurikirana ingano mu gihe cyo gukora |
| Nyuma yo Gukoresha Ubushyuhe | Ikizamini cy'Ubukomere (HRB/HB) | Genzura uburyo bukwiye bwo gufunga amazi (≤ 90 HRB cyangwa ≤ 192 HBW) |
| Umuyoboro warangiye | Ikizamini cy'amazi (Ni ngombwa kuri ASTM A312 kugira ngo habeho serivisi y'umuvuduko) | Ubusugire bw'igitutu – 85-100% SMYS |
| Umuyoboro warangiye | Ikizamini cya Eddy Current (100%) kuri ASTM A312 | Kumenya inenge zo ku buso n'iz'ubuso hafi y'ubuso |
| Umuyoboro warangiye | Ikizamini cyo Kugorora | Genzura ko nta mikorobe ifite (nta cyuho nyuma yo gupfunyika kugeza kuri 1/3 cy'inyuma) |
| Umuyoboro warangiye | Ikizamini cyo Gutwika | Genzura ko umuyoboro ugenda neza kugira ngo wongere imbaraga |
| Umuyoboro warangiye | Kugaragaza Ibintu Bifatika (PMI) | Emeza amanota (316 vs 316L, kugenzura ibikubiye muri Mo) |
| Umuyoboro warangiye | Igenzura ry'amaso n'ubuso | Reba niba hari inenge zo hejuru, imyobo, cyangwa imikurire |
| Umuyoboro warangiye | Igenzura ry'ibimenyetso | Menya neza ko ikimenyetso gihoraho gikurikije ASTM A312 |
| Umuyoboro warangiye | Ikizamini cya kononekara hagati y'udukoko (Imyitozo E - ASTM A262) | Gutahura uburyo bwo gupima (ni ngombwa, kuri 316L) |
| Umuyoboro warangiye | Ikizamini cyo kwangirika kw'ibice (ASTM G48) | Emeza ko amazi yo mu mazi adashobora kugwa mu mwobo (iyo ubisabye) |
Ibizamini by'ubushake ku birebana na serivisi ikomeye yo mu mazi/ubushyuhe:
Isuzuma ry'ingaruka ku bushyuhe buri hasi (Charpy V-Notch kuri -46°C) – ku nkombe z'inyanja/arctic
HIC (Hydrogen Induced Cracking) kuri NACE TM0284 – kuri serivisi mbi
SSC (Sulfide Stress Cracking) kuri NACE TM0177 – kuri serivisi ikarishye
Isuzuma rya Ultrasonic ry'uburebure bwose (si umuyoboro w'amazi gusa)
Igipimo cya Ferrite (kigomba kuba zeru kuri austenitic stainless)
Ibarura ry'ubudahangarwa bw'imigozi (PREN) (nibura 24)
Porogaramu z'ibanze - Umuyoboro w'icyuma kitagira umushongi wa ASTM A312 TP316/316L
Imiyoboro ya TP316/316L idakora neza ni amahitamo asanzwe ku bidukikije birimo chloride na sisitemu zikoresha umuvuduko mwinshi kandi zifite ubuziranenge bwinshi:
Urubuga rw'amazi n'inyanja:Imiyoboro ikonjesha amazi yo mu nyanja, sisitemu z'amazi yo kuzimya umuriro, imiyoboro ya ballast, imiyoboro y'amazi yo ku meza, imiyoboro izamuka platifomu, n'imiyoboro igenzura amazi. Kubaka mu buryo butagira umugozi bikuraho ingese yo gusudira mu mazi yo mu nyanja yihuta cyane.
Ibimera bikoresha imiti n'ibikomoka kuri peteroli:Gufata imiti ivangavanze irimo chlorine, aside organic ishyushye, n'ibinyabutabire bya sulfure. Litiro 316 zirwanya ingese mu ikoreshwa rya amine n'amazi asharira. Umuyoboro utagira umushongi ukunda gukoreshwa mu miyoboro ifite umuvuduko mwinshi.
Inganda z'imiti:Sisitemu zo gukwirakwiza amazi meza (PW) n'amazi yo gutera (WFI) aho hakoreshwa isuku ya chlorine kandi imigozi yo gusudira idakwiye. 316L ikozwe mu buryo bw'amashanyarazi ni yo ikoreshwa mu kubahiriza USP Class VI.
Ibimera byo gukura umunyu mu mazi:Imiyoboro y'amazi yo mu nyanja ikoresha umuvuduko mwinshi (SWRO) (70-100 bar), imiyoboro y'amazi y'umugezi, n'imirongo ihuza. 316L hamwe na PREN 24-26 ikwiriye urwego ruri hagati rwa chloride; imiterere idahindagurika ituma habaho ubwizigirwa mu gihe cy'umuvuduko uhoraho.
Ibimera byo gusiga ibinure n'impapuro:Diyozede ya Chlorine, hypochlorite ya sodiyumu, n'indi miti igabanya ububobere. Umuyoboro wa 316L udafite umugozi ukoreshwa aho 304 idahagije.
Ibikoresho bihindura ubushyuhe n'ibikonjesha:Utwuma dushyushya dukoresha amazi yo mu nyanja cyangwa amazi akonjesha y’umunyu. Utwuma tudafunze dukurikije ASTM A213 ni two dusanzwe.
Gutunganya peteroli na gaze (serivisi y'ibikomoka kuri peteroli):316L ifite ubukana bugenzurwa ishobora gukoreshwa muri serivisi ya H₂S (NACE MR0175 limited). Kubaka mu buryo butagira umugozi bikuraho ingaruka za SCC ziterwa no gusudira.
Gutunganya ibiribwa (cyangwa korode nyinshi):Guteka amazi y'umunyu, gukora isosi ya soya, no gutunganya amafi aho 304 idahagije. Imiterere idafunze neza irinda mikorobe gufata.
Ibikoresho byo gusiga amarangi ku myenda:Imashini zikora irangi zikoresha ubwogero burimo chloride nyinshi.
Inyubako z'ubwubatsi ku nkengero z'inyanja:Imigozi, inyubako zo ku rukuta hafi y'amazi y'umunyu - zitanga ubwiza bwiza kandi butagira umugozi.
Serivisi yo gushyushya:Azote y'amazi, LNG, n'ibindi binyabutabire bihumanya bigabanuka kugeza kuri -196°C. 316L igumana ubukomere bwiza cyane.
Gupakira no Kohereza – Umuyoboro w'icyuma kitagira umushongi wa ASTM A312 TP316/316L
Gupakira imiyoboro y'icyuma kidafunze neza:
Ubwirinzi bwo kurwanya ingese:Imiyoboro isizwe amavuta cyangwa impapuro za VCI. Ku biryo/imiti, nta mavuta - plastike ipfunyitse.
Ingofero z'inyuma:Imipfundikizo ya pulasitiki ikomeye (ifite ibara ry'umukara - ubusanzwe ni ubururu cyangwa icyatsi kibisi kuri 316) ku mpera zikozwe mu giti.
Guhuza (Ubugari buto ≤ 60mm):Imipfunyika ifite imishumi y'icyuma n'impapuro zifatanye.
Ipaki imwe imwe (Ubugari buri hagati/bunini > 60mm):Igipfunyika cya pulasitiki gifite imipfundikizo.
Uburinzi bw'ubuso ku birahuri bisukuye:Firimu ya PVC ikomatanye + amasanduku y'ibiti afite ifuro ry'umushongi.
Amasanduku y'ibitiku mishinga y'ingenzi y'imiti cyangwa iy'amazi.
Kohereza:
Ibikoresho bifite uburebure bwa ≤ 610mm, bigabanya ubunini ku ngano nini, ibitereko birambuye ku uburebure burebure.
Uburyo bwihariye bwo gukoresha imiyoboro y’isuku/imiti: ibikoresho byabugenewe bifite ipaki igenzurwa n’ubushyuhe.
Inyandiko:MTC 3.1/3.2, raporo y'ibizamini bya hydrotest, raporo za eddy current/UT, raporo ya PMI (hamwe n'igenzura rya Mo), raporo zo gupfunyika/gutwika, raporo y'ibipimo, urutonde rw'ibipakiye, Umuyobozi Mukuru. Inyandiko za serivisi ya NACE MR0175 zoroshye iyo ubisabye.
Ibyiza n'Ibibazo Bikunze Kubazwa mu byuma bya Womic Steel – Umuyoboro wa ASTM A312 TP316/316L Udafite Umuvuduko Uvanze n'Icyuma Kidafunze
Kuki wafatanya na Womic Steel ku muyoboro udafite umugozi wa 316/316L?
Ingano yuzuye: Ifite uburebure bukonje bwa 1/2″ – 8″, Ishyushye cyane yarangije 4″ – 24″, Ifite uburebure bugera kuri 36″.
Gufata umuti wose nyuma yo gutunganya (1040-1120°C, amazi yo kuzimya) - byemejwe n'ibizamini by'ubukana.
Ingano ya Molybdenum yemejwe (2.0-3.0%) – PMI kuri buri muyoboro.
PREN 24-26 nibura - ubushobozi bwo kwirinda imyobo y’amazi mu mazi bwemejwe.
Ingano za elegitoroniki n'iz'imiti zirahari – Ra ≤ 0.4μm.
Icyemezo cya NACE MR0175 Sour Service kirahari (316L, ubukana ≤ 22 HRC).
Impamyabumenyi ku Isi: ISO 9001, PED (CE), EN 10204 Ubwoko 3.2.
Amasaha yo guhatana: iminsi 14-21 yashize, iminsi 21-30 ya CD, iminsi 30-45 HF/Ext.
Igenzura ry'umuntu wa gatatu: SGS, BV, TÜV, DNV, ABS, LR.
Ibibazo Bikunze Kubazwa (Ibibazo Bikunze Kubazwa) - Umuyoboro w'icyuma kitagira umushongi wa ASTM A312 TP316/316L
Q: Ni iyihe nyungu ya 316/316L hejuru ya 304 mu gukoreshwa mu mazi?
A: 316 irimo 2-3% bya molybdenum, irushaho kunoza cyane uburyo bwo kurwanya ingese mu bidukikije bya chloride (amazi yo mu nyanja, umunyu wo mu mazi, ikirere cyo ku nkombe). PREN kuri 316 ni 24-26 ugereranije na 304's 18-19. Ku mbuga zo mu mazi, inyubako zo ku nkombe, na sisitemu zo gukonjesha amazi yo mu nyanja, 316 ni yo isanzwe; 304 ishobora gucukura mu mezi make.
Q: Ese nkwiye gukoresha 316 cyangwa 316L kuri sisitemu zometseho?
A: Ku bijyanye no gukoresha ubushuhe, 316L (≤ 0.03% C) irasabwa cyane kuko irwanya ingese hagati y’uduce duto tw’ubushyuhe (HAZ) nyuma yo gusudira idasaba ubushyuhe nyuma yo gusudira. 316 (≤ 0.08% C) ishobora kwangirika muri HAZ. Ku muyoboro udafite umugozi uzasukirwa mu murima, hitamo buri gihe 316L keretse iyo ubushyuhe nyuma yo gusudira bushoboka (bidakunze kuboneka ku miyoboro yo mu murima).
Q: Ese umuyoboro wa 316L udafite umugozi ushobora gukoreshwa mu gutanga serivisi ishyushye (H₂S)?
A: Yego, 316L yujuje ibisabwa kuri NACE MR0175/ISO 15156 kugira ngo ikoreshwe neza, ariko hamwe n'imbogamizi: ubukana bugomba kuba ≤ 22 HRC (kuri NACE), na H₂S igice cy'umuvuduko ≤ 0.3 psi (0.02 bar) ku miterere isanzwe. Ku bijyanye na H₂S iri hejuru, tekereza kuri duplex cyangwa super duplex. Womic itanga 316L hamwe n'ubukana bugenzurwa (≤ 22 HRC) n'ibizamini bya HIC/SSC.
Q: Ni ubushyuhe ntarengwa bwa serivisi kuri 316/316L ni ubuhe?
A: 316/316L ifite ubushobozi bwo kurwanya ogisijeni kugeza kuri 870°C (1600°F). Kugira ngo ukomeze gukoresha ubushyuhe buri hejuru (urugero, ibikoresho bihindura ubushyuhe biri hejuru ya 550°C), 316H (0.04-0.10% C) bitanga imbaraga zo gukurura. Ku bushyuhe buri hejuru ya 800°C, tekereza kuri 309 cyangwa 310. Kugira ngo ukoreshe cryogenic, 316L ni nziza cyane kugeza kuri -196°C.
Q: Ni irihe tandukaniro riri hagati y'umuyoboro ukonje ukururwa n'ushyushye urangiye udafite umugozi?
A: Umuyoboro ukonje (CD) uca mu cyuma gishyushye unyuzwa mu cyuma gishyushye, bigatuma habaho ubushobozi bwo kwihanganira ibintu bukabije (± 0.05mm OD), ubushobozi bwo kurangiza ubuso burushaho kuba bwiza (Ra < 1μm bishoboka), n'imbaraga nyinshi (gukomeza akazi bigakurikirwa no gufunga). CD ni yo ikundwa cyane mu gukoresha ibikoresho, imiyoboro ya hydraulic, no gukoresha imiyoboro ya farumasi. Umuyoboro ushyushye (HF) ukoreshwa mu gihe ushyushye (nyuma yo gufunga) hamwe n'ubushobozi busanzwe bwo kwihanganira ibintu; ni byiza ku bunini bw'umurambararo n'inkuta ziremereye.
Q: Ni ibihe bikoresho birangira ku muyoboro wa 316L udafite umugozi?
A: Isanzwe: yakuwemo amazi n'ibinyampeke (irangira nk'irya 2B). Yakuwemo amazi n'ibinyampeke (BA): Ubuso burabagirana kandi bugaragara neza buturutse ku kirere gigenzurwa - nta gukurura amazi n'ibinyampeke bikenewe. Yakuwemo amazi n'ibinyampeke: 180# kugeza 600# (satin kugeza hafi y'indorerwamo). Indorerwamo: 800# (yakuwemo amazi n'ibinyampeke cyangwa imashini). Yakuwemo amazi n'ibinyampeke: ku miti ya WFI/PW (Ra ≤ 0.4μm). Ku mazi/inkombe, yakuwemo amazi n'ibinyampeke ni ibisanzwe.
Q: Ese mukora igenzura ry’imiyoboro idakora neza ku ruhande rwa gatatu?
A: Yego. Impamyabumenyi za SGS, BV, TÜV, DNV, ABS, LR. EN 10204 Ubwoko bwa 3.2 zirahari hamwe n'umutangabuhamya w'undi muntu.
Q: Ni ryari igihe gisanzwe cyo gutanga umuyoboro wa 316/316L udafite umugozi gikoreshwa?
A: Ingano zisanzwe (ingano zisanzwe z'igihe): iminsi 14-21. Ifunze mu buryo bukonje (ubugari buto kugeza ku bunini): iminsi 21-30. Ifunze mu buryo bushyushye/isohoka mu buryo bushyushye (ubugari bunini): iminsi 30-45. Ifunze mu buryo bwa elegitoroniki/imiti: ongeramo iminsi 7-10. Igenzura ry'umuntu wa gatatu: ongeramo iminsi 7-14. Inyandiko za serivisi za NACE MR0175: ongeramo iminsi 14-21.
Q: Ni izihe nyandiko zitangwa ku miyoboro ya 316L idafunze neza?
A: MTC (EN 10204 3.1 cyangwa 3.2), raporo y'ibizamini bya hydrotest, raporo za eddy current/UT, raporo ya PMI (hamwe n'igenzura rya Mo), raporo zo gupfunyika/gutwika, raporo y'ibipimo, urutonde rw'ibipaki, inyemezabwishyu y'ubucuruzi, COO. Ku bijyanye n'imiti: icyemezo cy'isuku n'urusobe rw'ubuso (Ra). Ku bijyanye na serivisi mbi: raporo y'ubukana, raporo y'ibizamini bya HIC/SSC.
Q: Ese 316L idafunze neza ishobora gukoreshwa ku miyoboro ya hydraulic ifite umuvuduko mwinshi?
A: Yego. 316L idafite umushongi ikoreshwa cyane mu miyoboro ya hydraulic mu bikorwa byo mu mazi no mu nyanja bitewe nuko irwanya ingese kandi ifite imbaraga nyinshi. Ifite umushongi ukozwe mu buryo bukonje kandi butagira umushongi uhagije, itanga ubushobozi bwo kwihanganira ibyuma bikoreshwa mu gufunga feri. Igipimo ntarengwa cy'umushongi giterwa n'ubugari bw'urukuta; dushobora gutanga Schedule 80S na XXS kugira ngo dukoreshwe mu buryo bukoresha umushongi mwinshi.
Icyitonderwa cy'umushinga – Uburasirazuba bwo Hagati bwo gukuramo umunyu mu miyoboro ifite umuvuduko mwinshi (316L)
Igihugu:Ibihugu by'Abarabu (Abu Dhabi – Ikigobe cy'Abarabu)
Igipimo n'Icyiciro:ASTM A312 TP316L (idafite umushono) – hamwe n'inyongera ya PMI n'igenzura ry'ubudahangarwa bw'imiyoboro
Ingano n'ingano:
OD 60.3mm (2″) × Igipimo 160 (Uburemere bwa 8.74mm) – metero 4.000 (hafi toni 38) – Ifite ubukonje
OD 88.9mm (3″) × Igipimo 160 (11.13mm WIT) – metero 2,500 (hafi toni 44) – Ifite ubukonje
OD 114.3mm (4″) × Igipimo 80 (Uburemere bwa 8.56mm) – metero 1.800 (hafi toni 36) – Ifite ubukonje
OD 168.3mm (6″) × Igipimo 80 (10.97mm WIT) – metero 800 (hafi toni 28) – Ishyushye cyane
Igiteranyo:Metero 9.100 (9.1 km), hafi toni 146
Ibisobanuro:ASTM A312 TP316L ifite umushongi ugororotse, ifunze neza kandi ivanze neza, impera zayo zikozwe mu mazi. Isuzuma rya Hydrostatic ku gitutu cya 1.5 × (igishushanyo mbonera cya 12.0 MPa, isuzuma rya 18.0 MPa). Isuzuma rya Eddy current (100%). PMI kuri buri muyoboro hamwe no kugenzura molybdenum (2.0-3.0% Mo, yagezweho 2.2-2.6%). Isuzuma rya ngombwa ryo gufunga no gutwika. Isuzuma rya Intergranular corruption kuri ASTM A262 Practice E (pass). Isuzuma rya Pitting corruption kuri ASTM G48 Uburyo A (6% FeCl₃, amasaha 24 kuri 22°C) - nta mwobo urimo. Impanuka ya Charpy kuri 0°C (min 27J, yagezweho 80-140J). Igenzura rya gatatu ryakozwe na BV (Bureau Veritas) UAE.
Porogaramu:Imiyoboro ihuza umuvuduko mwinshi w’amazi yo mu nyanja (SWRO). Iyi miyoboro ihuza ipompo zifite umuvuduko mwinshi (15.000 kPa / 150 bar) n’imiyoboro y’urukiramende rwa osmosis kandi itwara amazi y’umunyu ava mu rukiramende. Ubushyuhe bw’amazi yo mu nyanja: 25-35°C (Arabian Gulf), umunyu 45.000-50.000 ppm TDS. Umuvuduko w’igishushanyo: 12.0 MPa (1.750 psi) hamwe n’uburyo bwo gusukura. 316L idafunze yatoranijwe kugira ngo ikurweho imiyoboro ishobora kuba ahantu ho gutangira kwangirika hakoreshejwe serivisi ya chloride ifite umuvuduko mwinshi kandi ifite umuvuduko mwinshi.
Imiterere y'Ubwubatsi:Uru ruganda rutanga amazi meza angana na metero 200.000 ku munsi ku baturage ba Abu Dhabi biyongera. Sisitemu y'imiyoboro ifite umuvuduko mwinshi ikora kuri 12 MPa hamwe n'imizigo ihoraho yo gutangira (gufungura/kuzimya buri munsi kugira ngo imizigo ikomeze). Imiyoboro ya 316L yometseho mu nganda nk'izo yahuye n'imiyoboro yometseho nyuma y'imyaka 5-7. Umukiriya yavuze ko imiterere yayo idahindagurika kugira ngo ikureho ingaruka zo kwangirika kw'imiyoboro yometseho kandi yongere igihe cyo kuyishushanya kigera ku myaka 25.
Ibibazo bya tekiniki n'ibisubizo:
Ubudahangarwa bw'amazi yo mu nyanja yo mu kigobe cya Arabiya ku muvuduko mwinshi– Umuvuduko mwinshi ntugira ingaruka ku buryo butaziguye ku muvuduko, ariko umuvuduko mwinshi (3-5 m/s) ushobora kwangiza firime idakora. 316L hamwe na Mo 2.2-2.6% bitanga PREN 25-26. Womic yakoze ikizamini cya G48 (FeCl₃, amasaha 24 kuri 22°C) – nta muvuduko. Yanakoze ikizamini cy’ubushyuhe bw’umuvuduko (CPT) kuri ASTM G48 Uburyo D: CPT yapimwe 35-40°C (ubushyuhe bwo gukora 35°C, bwemewe). Umukiriya arabyemerewe.
Urukuta ruremereye rwakozwe mu buryo bukonje 160 (2″ na 3″)– Imbonerahamwe ya 160 ku muyoboro wa santimetero 2 ni 8.74 (OD 60.3mm, ID 42.8mm). Gushushanya urukuta ruremereye nk'urwo bisaba inzira nyinshi hamwe n'ingufu zo hagati. Womic yakoresheje inzira eshatu zo gukurura zikonje hamwe n'ingufu zo gukurura hagati ya buri imwe. Ubunini bw'urukuta bwagezweho ± 0.2mm (ASTM A999 yemerera ± 12.5% = ± 1.09mm kuri 8.74mm). Ubushobozi bwo guhuza imiterere bwatumye habaho guhuza neza n'ibikoresho bya ferrule bifite umuvuduko mwinshi.
Urukuta runini rwa 6″ Gahunda ya 80 ishyushye irangiye– 6″ Sch 80 ifite uburemere bwa mm 10.97. Uburyo bushyushye bwarangiye bwatanze ubugari buhamye bw'urukuta nta buryo bworoshye bwo gutandukanya. Womic yakoze isuzuma rya ultrasonic 100% (UT) kuri buri muyoboro wa cm 6 kugira ngo hamenyekane aho imbere hari ibitagenda neza. Nta nenge zabonetse.
Ubudahangarwa hagati y'ibinyabutabire mu gusudira mu murima mu gihe kizaza– Nubwo byagaragajwe ko nta migozi, hari uburyo bwo gusudira mu butaka (imiyoboro ijya ku flanges, imiyoboro ijya ku bikoresho) ntabwo bushobora kwirindwa. Womic yatanze 316L hamwe na karuboni yemejwe 0.015-0.022% (munsi cyane ya 0.03%). Ikizamini cya ASTM A262 Practice E ku ngero za HAZ zakozwe mu buryo bwa simusiga nticyagaragaje igitero hagati y’udusimba. Rwiyemezamirimo wo gusudira w’umukiriya yujuje ibisabwa mu buryo bwa GTAW.
Impanuka ya Charpy kuri 0°C– Nubwo UAE itagera kuri 0°C, ibipimo bisanzwe by'umukiriya byasabaga Charpy kuri 0°C (iminota 27J) ku miyoboro yose ikoreshwa mu gushyushya. Womic yageze kuri 80-140J ku cyuma gisanzwe, 60-110J ku gusudira (ku bijyanye no gusudira mu butaka). Yatsinze.
Ibikoresho bijyana muri Abu Dhabi– Imiyoboro yoherejwe iva i Shanghai ijya ku cyambu cya Khalifa mu buryo butatu mu byumweru 10. BV yagenzuye imiyoboro aho yapakirwaga. Toni 146 zose zatanzwe ku gihe. Inyandiko yuzuye ya EN 10204 Type 3.2 (amapaji 650) yatanzwe hakoreshejwe ikoranabuhanga hamwe na buri yoherejwe.
Ibisubizo:Sisitemu yo gukwirakwiza imiyoboro y’amazi ifite umuvuduko mwinshi wa SWRO yatangiye gukoreshwa mu gihembwe cya mbere cya 2024. Nyuma y’amezi 12 ikora kuri 12 MPa, amazi yo mu nyanja afite ubushyuhe bwa 35°C, igenzura ryakozwe mu murongo (ILI) ryagaragaje ko nta mwobo warimo, nta kwangirika kw’imiyoboro, kandi nta gutonyanga kw’amazi kwagaragaye. Imirimo yo kubaka nta kwangirika kw’imiyoboro y’amazi yakozwe neza nkuko byagenwe. Injeniyeri w’umukiriya ushinzwe gukwirakwiza kwangirika yagize ati: "Imiyoboro y’amazi ya 316L idatonze yakuyeho impungenge zijyanye no gusudira zabangamiye inganda zacu za kera." Womic Steel yongewe ku rutonde rw’abaguzi bemerewe n’umukiriya rwo gukwirakwiza imiyoboro y’amazi idatonze mu gihe kizaza kugira ngo hakorwe ibikorwa byo gukuramo umunyu.
Umuntu wo kuvugana nawe:
Urubuga: www.womicsteel.com
Imeri: sales@womicsteel.com
Terefone / WhatsApp / WeChat:
Victor: +86 15575100681
Jack: +86 18390957568
Womic Steel – Umufatanyabikorwa wawe wizeye ku miyoboro ya ASTM A312 TP316/316L y'icyuma kidafunze neza ikoreshwa mu mazi, mu gusukura umunyu, mu bya shimi, mu by'imiti, no mu gutanga serivisi ya chloride ifite umuvuduko mwinshi ku isi.
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