1. Womic Steel: Ubushobozi bwo gukora n'imbaraga z'ikigo
Womic Steel Group ikora imirongo myinshi ikora LSAW ikubiyemo uburyo butatu bw'ibanze bwo gukora hamwe n'ubushobozi bwihariye bwo ku nkuta ziremereye:
● Umurongo wa JCOE:Ku murambararo wa mm 406 – 1,422 (16″–56″), ubugari bw'urukuta bugera kuri mm 50.8. JCO ikorwa intambwe ku yindi ifite kwaguka kwa mashini. Ikora neza cyane, ifite uruziga rwiza. Ni nziza cyane ku miyoboro myinshi yo ku nkombe.
●Umurongo wa UOE:Ku bugari bwa mm 508 – 1,220 (20″–48″), ubugari bw'urukuta bugera kuri mm 40. Gushushanya U hanyuma gushushanya O hamwe n'ingufu za hydraulic. Ubuziranenge bwiza mu bipimo (± 0.2% OD), ni byiza cyane ku miyoboro yo mu mazi menshi yo mu nyanja no ku miyoboro y'amazi mabi.
●Isahani izingijwe (Umushono umwe):Ku mpande z'urukuta zifite uburebure bwa mm 600 – 1.600 (24″–63″), ubugari bw'urukuta buva kuri mm 25 kugeza kuri mm 70. Isahani imwe izingiye mu cylindri ifite umugozi umwe uremereye. Ni nziza ku mpande z'urukuta ziremereye zirenze ubushobozi bwa JCOE/UOE.
●Isahani izungurutse (Umushono Ubiri):Ku bunini bw'urukuta > 50.8mm kugeza kuri 80mm, hakoreshejwe ibyuma bibiri bishongeshejwe mu buryo burambuye. Bikunze gukoreshwa mu miyoboro myinshi ikoresha umuvuduko mwinshi no mu gukoresha imiyoboro ya arctice bisaba gukomera cyane.
Ubushobozi bwose bwa LSAW burenga toni 300.000 buri mwaka, aho umusaruro wa X52 wihariye urenga toni 120.000 ku mwaka. Womic Steel ifite API 5L Monogram (Uruhushya #API-5L-XXXX), ISO 9001, CE PED, kandi igenzurwa buri gihe na ABS, DNV, TÜV, na BV. Agahigo ku isi yose mu bihugu birenga 80 hamwe n'imiyoboro ya X52 irenga kilometero 3.000.
Uburyo bworoshye bwo gukora:
●JCOE: 406–1.422mm OD × 6.0–50.8mm Ubwinshi × ≤ 18m
●UOE: 508–1,220mm OD × 6.0–40.0mm Uburemere × ≤ 24m (kwaguka kwa mashini byongera uburebure)
●Isahani izingijwe (umushono umwe): 600–1.600mm OD × 25–70mm Ubwinshi × ≤ 12m (uburemere ntarengwa kugeza kuri toni 25 kuri buri gice)
●Isahani izingijwe (umushono ubiri): 1.000–2.000mm OD × 25–80mm Uburemere × ≤ 12m
Imiyoboro yose ishobora guhabwa PWHT (ubuvuzi bwo gushyushya nyuma yo kwezwa) kugira ngo ikoreshwe mu nkuta nini cyangwa mu buryo bushyushye. Isuzuma ry'ubushyuhe buke riraboneka kugeza kuri -60°C ku mishinga yo mu kirere.
2. API 5L X52: Imiterere y'ibikoresho n'imikorere yabyo
API 5L X52 ni imwe mu miyoboro y’imiyoboro yagenwe cyane mu kohereza peteroli na gaze ku isi hose ku muvuduko uri hagati kugeza hejuru. Ifite imbaraga nkeya zo gutanga peteroli 360 MPa (52,200 psi) n’imbaraga zo gukurura 460 MPa (66,700 psi), X52 itanga imbaraga zirenze 47% kurusha GR.B, bigatuma ubunini bw’inkuta bugabanukaho 25-30% ku gipimo kimwe cy’umuvuduko. Inyito ya "X" igaragaza umuyoboro w’imiyoboro ufite imbaraga nyinshi, naho "52" igaragaza imbaraga nkeya zo gutanga peteroli muri ksi.
Imiterere y'ibinyabutabire (Isesengura ry'inkombe, ntarengwa % ku buremere):
| Igice | API 5L X52 PSL1 (ntarengwa %) | API 5L X52 PSL2 (ntarengwa %) |
| C | 0.24 | 0.22 |
| Mn | 1.40 | 1.40 |
| P | 0.025 | 0.025 |
| S | 0.015 | 0.015 |
| Si | 0.45 | 0.45 |
| V | 0.10 | 0.10 |
| Nb | 0.05 | 0.05 |
| Ti | 0.04 | 0.04 |
PSL2 ikenera ingano ya karuboni (CEV) ≤ 0.43% kugira ngo yongere ubushobozi bwo gusudira mu murima. Gukoresha microalloying hamwe na Nb, V, Ti bitanga uburyo bwo kunoza ingano no gukomeza imvura.
Imiterere ya mekanike (Ubushyuhe bw'icyumba):
| Umutungo | API 5L X52 PSL1 | API 5L X52 PSL2 |
| Imbaraga z'umusaruro (iminota) | 360 MPa (52,200 psi) | 360–530 MPa |
| Imbaraga zo Gufata (iminota) | 460 MPa (psi 66,700) | 460–760 MPa |
| Uburebure (iminota) | 21% (kuri 50mm gauge) | 21% |
| Ubukomere (ntarengwa) | Ntabwo byagaragajwe | HRB 90 |
| Ubukomere bw'Ingaruka (iminota) | Ntabwo ari ngombwa | 27 J @ 0°C (ni ngombwa -20°C, -40°C, -60°C) |
Kugereranya na GR.B na X65:
| Icyiciro | MPa yiyongera | MPa yo gukurura | Uburyo busanzwe bwo gukoresha |
| GR.B | 245 | 415 | Ikwirakwizwa risanzwe ry'amazi/gaze |
| X52 | 360 | 460 | Imiyoboro y'amazi ifite umuvuduko mwinshi, ku nkombe/ku nkengero z'inyanja |
| X65 | 450 | 535 | Umuvuduko mwinshi cyane, amazi y'ubujyakuzimu, arctique |
3. Iyubahirizwa ry'ibipimo n'amahame ngenderwaho
| Ikintu | Ibisobanuro |
| Igisanzwe | API 5L PSL1 / PSL2 (nayo ISO 3183 L360) |
| Uburyo bwo gukora | JCOE, UOE, isahani izungurutse (umushono umwe/ibiri) |
| Intera y'Ubugari bwo Hanze | 219mm – 1.600mm (8″ – 63″) |
| Ubunini bw'urukuta | JCOE/UOE: 5.0mm – 50.8mm; Isahani izingiye: 25mm – 70mm (kugeza kuri 80mm byihariye) |
| Intera y'uburebure | Uburebure busanzwe: 6m, 12m, 18m; Uburebure burambuye: kugeza kuri 24m (JCOE/UOE) cyangwa 12m (urukuta ruremereye rw'ikibaho gikozwe mu cyuma) |
| Irangizwa rya nyuma | Impera Isanzwe (PE), Impera Ifite Impande (BE) kuri API 5L (Impera ya 30°, ubuso bw'imizi bwa 1.6mm busanzwe) |
| Kurangiza ubuso | Irimo amavuta, 3LPE, 3LPP, FBE, Epoxy y'amakara, Epoxy y'amazi |
| Kwihanganirana | OD: ± 0.5% cyangwa ± 3.2mm (icyari cyo cyose kiri munsi yayo); Uburebure: -0% / + 15%; Uburebure: + 50mm / -0mm |
4. Ingano n'Ibisobanuro bihari – Umuyoboro w'icyuma wa API 5L X52 LSAW (Ingano zisanzwe zatoranijwe)
| OD (mm) | Amahitamo y'ubwinshi bw'ibipimo (mm) | Inzira | Uburemere bugera kuri (kg/m2) | Uburebure Busanzwe | Uburyo busanzwe bwo gukoresha |
| 273 | 6.4, 8.0, 10.0, 12.5 | JCOE | 42.1 – 80.1 | Metero 12 | Gukwirakwiza gazi |
| 324 | 6.4, 8.0, 10.0, 12.5, 14.0 | JCOE | 50.2 – 107.1 | 12m / 18m | Gukusanya lisansi |
| 406 | 8.0, 10.0, 12.5, 14.0, 16.0 | JCOE/UOE | 78.5 – 153.9 | 12m / 18m | Imiyoboro y'amavuta y'ibikomoka kuri peteroli |
| 508 | 8.0, 10.0, 12.5, 14.0, 16.0, 19.0 | UOE | 98.6 – 229.1 | 12m / 18m / 24m | Imiyoboro y'amazi atwara gazi |
| 610 | 10.0, 12.5, 14.0, 16.0, 19.0, 22.0 | UOE | 148.0 – 319.1 | 12m / 18m / 24m | Gazi ifite umuvuduko mwinshi |
| 711 | 10.0, 12.5, 14.0, 16.0, 19.0, 22.0, 25.4 | JCOE/UOE | 172.9 – 429.4 | 12m / 18m | Imiyoboro y'amavuta |
| 813 | 12.5, 14.0, 16.0, 19.0, 22.0, 25.4, 30.0 | JCOE | 246.7 – 579.8 | 12m / 18m | Gazi ikoreshwa mu gihugu hose |
| 914 | 14.0, 16.0, 19.0, 22.0, 25.4, 30.0, 35.0 | JCOE | 310.8 – 759.2 | 12m / 18m | Imirongo mikuru y'imirongo |
| 1,016 | 16.0, 19.0, 22.0, 25.4, 30.0, 35.0, 40.0 | JCOE/Izinguruwe | 394.6 – 963.9 | Metero 12 | Gazi ifite ingano nyinshi |
| 1,220 | 19.0, 22.0, 25.4, 30.0, 35.0, 40.0, 45.0, 50.0 | Izungurutse (imwe) | 563.0 – 1.304.2 | Metero 12 | Imiyoboro y'amazi yo mu nyanja |
| 1,422 | 25.4, 30.0, 35.0, 40.0, 45.0, 50.0, 55.0 | Izungurutse (imwe) | 875.1 – 1.692.5 | Metero 12 | Ingufu zo mu mazi y'ubujyakuzimu |
| 1,600 | 30.0, 40.0, 50.0, 60.0, 70.0 | Izungurutse (ifite kabiri) | 1.162 – 2.640 | 10m / 12m | Arctique/umuvuduko mwinshi |
*Imiyoboro miremire yo ku nkuta (≥ 32mm) isaba PWHT kugira ngo igabanye imihangayiko isigaye kandi yuzuze imipaka y'ubukana kugira ngo serivisi irusheho kuba nziza. Urukuta runini X52 rukunze gukoreshwa mu gutera amazi afite umuvuduko mwinshi kuri 25-35 MPa.*
5. Ibipimo rusange n'amanota - Umuyoboro w'umurongo wa LSAW n'umuyoboro w'inyubako
| Igisanzwe | Ibyiciro by'icyuma | Uburyo busanzwe bwo gukoresha | Uburyo bwo Gutegura |
| API 5L PSL1/PSL2 | X52, X60, X65, X70 | Ihererekanya rya peteroli/gaze | JCOE/UOE/Izinguruwe |
| API 5L PSL2 (ifite ubushyuhe) | X52, X65 | Serivisi yo gukaraba (H₂S) | UOE + PWHT |
| ASTM A53 | GR.B | Imiyoboro ifite umuvuduko muke | JCOE |
| ASTM A106 | GR.B/C | Ubushyuhe buri hejuru | JCOE/Izinguruwe |
| EN 10217-1 | S235JR, S275JR | Imiyoboro y'umuvuduko | JCOE |
| EN 10219 | S355JRH, S355J2H | Ibice by'imiterere | JCOE/Izinguruwe |
| DNV-OS-F101 | L360 (X52) | Imiyoboro yo munsi y'inyanja | UOE |
| BS 7191 | L360 (X52) | Inyubako zo mu nyanja | UOE/Izinguruwe |
| NORSOK M-120 | X52 | Imiyoboro y'amazi yo mu nyanja | UOE |
Incamake y'ikoreshwa:Imiyoboro y'amazi ikoreshwa mu ntera ndende ya peteroli/gaze, uburyo bwo kohereza gaze ifite umuvuduko mwinshi, imiyoboro y'amazi mu nkombe z'inyanja, serivisi y'amazi ashyushye, imiyoboro y'amazi yo mu nyanja, imiyoboro ya sitasiyo ya compressor, imiterere y'inyubako z'imyubakire ku mbuga zo mu nyanja.
6. Uburyo bwo gukora – LSAW (JCOE / UOE / Ipine izungurutse) ku muyoboro w'icyuma wa X52
Womic Steel ihitamo uburyo bukwiye bushingiye ku murambararo, ubugari bw'urukuta, n'ibisabwa ku miterere ya mekanike. Uburyo bwose burimo kugenzura cyane uburyo ubushyuhe bwinjiramo kugira ngo bugumane imiterere ya mikorobe ya X52.
Uburyo bwa JCOE (406–1,422mm OD, 6.0–50.8mm WIT):
● Gusya plaque edge (X cyangwa J bevel) hakoreshejwe ubwiza ± 0.5mm
● Gupfunyika mbere y'uko impande zigwa (zigapfunyika) kugeza ku bugari bwa 1.5x bwa plate radius
● Gushushanya ishusho ya J (gukanda) – igice cya mbere cya 1/3 cy'umuzenguruko
● Ishusho ya C (urukurikirane rw'ibice by'umuzenguruko) – igice cya kabiri cya 1/3 cy'umuzenguruko
● Ishusho ya O (cylinder ya nyuma) - ifunga umushongi
● Gusudira imigozi (gushyiramo imigozi kuri buri mm 300 ku mugozi)
● Inner SAW (ifite insinga imwe cyangwa nyinshi, ubushyuhe bugenzurwa kugeza kuri ≤ 3.5 kJ/mm)
● Gutobora inyuma (umwuka wa karuboni cyangwa gusya) kugira ngo byinjire neza
● Isoko ryo hanze (gukoresha uburyo bwinshi bwo gupima inkuta nini, kugenzura uburyo ubushyuhe bwinjira)
● Kwagura imiterere y'imashini (1–1.5% OD yiyongera, yongera uburebure bw'urukiramende kugeza kuri ± 0.3%)
● Bikwiriye gukoreshwa mu nganda nyinshi zo mu mazi
Uburyo bwa UOE (508–1,220mm OD, 6.0–40mm WIT):
● U-press ikora isahani ikagira ishusho ya U (ingufu za toni 2000-4000)
● O-press ifunga ikagira ishusho y'umuzenguruko (imbaraga za toni 3000-6000)
● Ingufu yo kwagura (ikoresha ikoranabuhanga) kugeza ku murambararo wa nyuma no kuzenguruka (ibice 48-72 bikura)
● Gusudira bisa na JCOE ariko bifite ubushobozi bwo kunyuramo bwinshi (umuyoboro 1 mu minota 3-4)
● Ikunda imiyoboro y'amazi menshi kandi idafite amazi menshi kubera ko ifite uburebure bwinshi (± 0.2% OD) kandi ikaba ifite ubukana buke bwo gusigara.
● Ubushyuhe buri hasi butuma umuntu ashyiraho agakoresho gafata imigozi neza
Isahani Izungurutse (Umushono Umwe) wo Ku rukuta Ruremereye (600–1.600mm OD, Uburemere bwa 25–70mm):
● Isahani imwe y'icyuma izunguruka mu cyuma hakoreshejwe imashini ikora imigozi ine
● Gutembera intambwe ku yindi: mbere yo gutembera, gutembera mu buryo butunguranye, gutembera mu buryo burangiye (ubusanzwe imikino 15-20)
● Umushonge w'uburebure upfundikiwe na SAW (nibura inzira 3: umuzi, kuzuza, umupfundikizo)
● Nta kwaguka kwa mashini (kuzunguruka kugerwaho binyuze mu kuzunguruka neza, bisanzwe ± 0.5%)
● Bikwiriye imiyoboro minini yo ku nkuta aho ibikoresho bya JCOE/UOE ari bike
● Ikenera PWHT (igabanya stress) kugira ngo ubugari bw'urukuta bube > 32mm kugira ngo yuzuze ibisabwa mu bukomere
Isahani izing'inyuma (Umushono Ubiri) ku rukuta ruremereye cyane / Umurambararo munini cyane (1.000–2.000mm OD, Uburemere bwa 25–80mm):
● Amasahani abiri yazungurutse mu gice cya silindiri hanyuma ahambirwa ku migozi ibiri miremire
● Ubusanzwe ikoreshwa mu miyoboro myinshi ifite umuvuduko mwinshi, imiyoboro ya penstock, n'imiyoboro ya arctic
● Imashini zose zo gusudira 100% UT na RT zagenzuwe
● PWHT ni itegeko ku migozi yombi y'uburebure
Uburyo bwo kuvura ubushyuhe nyuma yo gusudira (PWHT):Ku bunini bw'urukuta > 32mm cyangwa se kuri serivisi y'ubushyuhe (H₂S), Womic itanga uburyo bwo kugabanya ubushyuhe mu itanura rikoreshwa mu modoka (kugeza kuri metero 12) cyangwa mu gace ukoresha ubushyuhe bw'inyongera ku miyoboro miremire. Ubushyuhe bwo kwibira mu mazi 580-620°C mu gihe cy'isaha 1 kuri buri bunini bwa 25mm. Ubukomere nyuma ya PWHT bugenzurwa kugeza kuri ≤ 90 HRB (cyangwa ≤ 248 HV10). Ku serivisi y'ubushyuhe, intego isanzwe ni ≤ 85 HRB kugira ngo wongereho urwego rw'umutekano.
Ubushobozi bwo gukoresha ubushyuhe buke:Ku mishinga yo mu kirere, Womic ishobora gutanga X52 hamwe na Charpy impact testing kuri -46°C (ubuso bwa 27J, ubusanzwe 80-120J) na DWTT (Drop Weight Tear Test) hamwe n'ubuso bwa shear bungana na ≥ 85% kuri -20°C.
7. Uburyo bwo kugenzura ubuziranenge n'ibizamini by'umuyoboro w'icyuma wa API 5L X52 LSAW
| Urugendo | Uburyo bwo kugenzura | Intego | Uburyo bukurikizwa |
| Isahani | Isesengura ry'Ubutabire (OES) | Emeza aho X52 igarukira ku miterere yayo | Byose |
| Isahani | Ultrasonic (Isuzuma rya Lamination) | Kumenya inenge z'imbere | Byose |
| Isahani | Gufata / Kurambura | Igenzura rya tekiniki | Byose |
| Isahani | Igipimo cy'ingano y'ibinyampeke (ASTM E112) | Menya neza imiterere ya mikorosolide | X52 PSL2 |
| Mu gihe cyo gukora | Ingano (umurambararo, uburebure) | Menya neza ko ibintu byose bihuye | Byose |
| Umushonge wo gusudira | 100% UT yikora (cyangwa PAUT hamwe na TOFD) | Kumenya ibura ry'uruvange, ubushyuhe, n'ubuso bw'imyenge | Byose |
| Umushonge wo gusudira | RT (dose 10-100% ukurikije uko bigenwa) | Igenzura ry'ubuziranenge bw'ubusoda | Byose |
| Umushonge wo gusudira | MPI (amano na HAZ) | Uduce tw'ubuso | Byose |
| Umushonge wo gusudira | Uburyo bwo gukomerera (gusudira, HAZ, BM) | Igenzura rya serivisi y'uburozi | PSL2 / iraryoshye |
| Umuyoboro warangiye | Ikizamini cy'amazi (kuri API 5L) | Ubusugire bw'umuvuduko (85-100% SMYS) | Byose |
| Umuyoboro warangiye | Charpy V-Notch (PSL2) | Ubukomere buri hasi mu bushyuhe | PSL2 gusa |
| Umuyoboro warangiye | Ubukomere (HRB/HV10) – amanota 3 | Gukurikiza amategeko agenga serivisi | PSL2 / iraryoshye |
| Umuyoboro warangiye | Igorora / Igorora riyobowe | Ubuhanga bwo gukora ibintu mu buryo bw'ikoranabuhanga | Byose |
| Umuyoboro warangiye | Ishusho n'ibimenyetso | Imiterere y'ubuso, uburyo bwo gukurikirana | Byose |
| Umuyoboro warangiye | DWTT (ni ngombwa) | Kugenzura ikwirakwira ry'amagufwa | Arctique/ibirungo |
Serivisi y'ingenzi niyo idakenewe:
● HIC kuri NACE TM0284 (Umuti A cyangwa B, amasaha 96) – kuri serivisi igoye
● SSC kuri NACE TM0177 (Uburyo A, amasaha 720) – ku bidukikije bya H₂S
● Ingufu z'ubushyuhe buri hasi kuri -20°C, -40°C, -46°C, cyangwa -60°C
● DWTT kuri -20°C cyangwa munsi yayo kugira ngo habeho imiterere yo guhagarika kuvunika kw'ivunji.
● Ikarita yuzuye y'ubukana bw'ibice (umurongo wo hagati wo gusudira, HAZ, icyuma gishingiyeho)
● Inzira yo guhindura CVN (Charpy) kuva kuri -60°C kugeza kuri +20°C
Isuzuma rya CTOD (Crack Tip Opening Displacement) ku mashini zizamuka mu mazi zijya mu kirere
8. Porogaramu z'ibanze - API 5L X52 LSAW Umuyoboro w'icyuma
●Imiyoboro y'amavuta ikoreshwa mu ntera ndende– Gutwara peteroli iva mu mirima ijya mu nganda zitunganya peteroli (umuvuduko wayo ugera kuri 10 MPa)
●Ikwirakwizwa rya gaze karemano rikoresha umuvuduko mwinshi– Imiyoboro y’amazi atwara gazi mu gihugu hose (umuvuduko ugera kuri 12 MPa)
● Imiyoboro y'amazi yo mu nyanja– Imiyoboro y’amazi yo munsi y’inyanja n’imiyoboro yo kohereza ibicuruzwa mu mahanga (inzira ya UOE irakundwa cyane iyo ifite uruziga)
● Imiyoboro ya serivisi z'uburozi– Amavuta na gaze birimo H₂S (PSL2 hamwe n'ibizamini bya HIC/SSC, PWHT ikoreshwa)
● Imiyoboro yo guterwamo amazi– Kongera imbaraga zo kugarura amavuta, umuvuduko ugera kuri 35 MPa (icyuma gikozwe mu rukuta kiremereye)
● imiyoboro y'amazi yo mu nyanja ya Arctique– Uduce dukonje cyane dufite ubushyuhe buke bugera kuri -46°C
● Imiyoboro ya compressor na pompe– Imiyoboro ya sitasiyo ifite umuvuduko mwinshi ifite impera zifatanye
● Ibyuma bizamuka ku mbuga zo hanze y'inyanja– Ingufu zikora zisaba isuzuma rya CTOD no gushushanya umunaniro
● Imiterere y'inyubako z'ibibuga byo mu nyanja– Ibirundo by'ishingiro biremereye mu mazi maremare
● Ibikoresho byo mu bwoko bwa Penstocks byo mu nganda zitanga amashanyarazi– Urukuta rurerure, umurambararo munini, n'amazi atwara umuvuduko mwinshi
9. Gupakira no Kohereza – API 5L X52 LSAW Umuyoboro w'icyuma
Gupfunyika:
● Uduce duto (≤ 24″): Uduce duto tw'icyuma, dufatanye n'udukingirizo tw'inkombe (imishumi 3-5 kuri buri gapande)
● Ubwinshi bunini (> 24″): Imiyoboro imwe imwe, itandukanyijwe n'uduti tw'ibiti n'udupira twa rabara (nibura uduce 2 twa dunnage kuri buri muyoboro)
● Udupfundikizo: Udupfundikizo twa pulasitiki cyangwa icyuma gikomeye (udupfundikizo turinzwe kugongwa n'imyanda)
● Uburinzi bwo gusiga: Ku miyoboro ya 3LPE/FBE itwikiriwe, impeta z'ifuro cyangwa impapuro za rubber hagati y'ibice kugira ngo hirindwe kwangirika mu gihe umuyoboro w'amaraso ugenda
● Udukingirizo tw'imigozi (niba impera z'imigozi zavuzwe): Udukingirizo tw'imigozi ya pulasitiki cyangwa icyuma
Uburyo bwo kohereza:
● Amato manini ashobora gukwirakwira ku toni zirenga 500 cyangwa uburebure bunini (gutwara imizigo mu buryo butaziguye uvuye mu ruganda ujya mu rundi bwato)
● Ibikoresho bifite uburebure bwa metero 20/ metero 40 ku gipimo gito (bishyizwe hamwe, ntarengwa toni 25 kuri buri gikoresho)
● Ibikoresho birambuye cyangwa ibikoresho bifunguye hejuru kugira ngo bibe birebire cyane (kugeza kuri metero 24)
● Ibikoresho binini bifite umuyoboro wabigenewe wo kubikamo (ukoresheje uduce dusanzwe n'udushumi)
● Imitwaro ya gari ya moshi ijya ahantu hatagerwa n'inyanja (kuva ku byambu bya Tianjin cyangwa Shanghai kugera muri Mongoliya y'imbere, Kazakisitani, Mongoliya)
Inyandiko zikubiye muri buri kohereza:
● Icyemezo cy'ikizamini cy'inganda (EN 10204 Ubwoko bwa 3.1 cyangwa 3.2 iyo ubisabye)
● Raporo y'ikizamini cy'amazi (hamwe n'umuvuduko, igihe, n'amakuru yo kwaguka)
● Raporo y'ikizamini cya Ultrasonic (100% by'ubusode n'umubiri, harimo n'aho inenge iherereye niba ihari)
● Raporo y'ikizamini cya X-ray (niba cyaravuzwe, hamwe na filime cyangwa amashusho ya digitale)
● Raporo y'igenzura ry'ibipimo (OD, WT, uburebure, ovalite, straightness)
● Icyemezo cyo gusiga (niba gipfutse: ubugari, gufatana, ikizamini cy'iminsi mikuru)
● Raporo y'Igaragaza ry'Ibikoresho Bifatika (PMI)
● Urutonde rw'ibipaki (harimo inomero z'imigozi n'ibipimo)
● Urutonde rw'inyemezabuguzi z'ubucuruzi n'urutonde rw'ibipakiye
● Icyemezo cy'inkomoko (ubusanzwe mu Bushinwa, ariko gishobora gutanga COO ifishi E, ifishi F, nibindi)
● Inyandiko y'ubwikorezi (imizigo yo mu mazi) cyangwa inyandiko y'indege (imizigo yo mu kirere kugira ngo haboneke ingero zihutirwa)
10. Ibyiza n'Ibibazo Bikunze Kubazwa ku Cyuma cya Womic - API 5L X52 LSAW Steel Pipe
Kuki Womic Steel ya X52 LSAW?
● Uburyo butatu bwuzuzanya (JCOE, UOE, icyuma gipfundikiye) gitwikiriye uburebure bwa mm 219–1.600
● Ubushobozi bw'urukuta runini kugeza kuri 70mm (umugozi umwe) cyangwa 80mm (umugozi ubiri) bwo guteramo umuvuduko mwinshi no gukoresha mu kirere
● Ubushobozi bwo gutwika itanura rya PWHT: uburebure bwa metero 12 × umurambararo wa metero 3, hamwe n'ubushyuhe bw'inyongera ku miyoboro miremire
● Isuzuma ry'ingaruka z'ubushyuhe buri hasi kugeza kuri -60°C (urugero rwa arctic X52)
● Serivisi y'uburozi yemewe n'ibizamini bya HIC/SSC (NACE TM0284, TM0177)
● API 5L Monogram + CE + igenzura ry'umuntu wa gatatu (SGS, BV, TÜV, DNV, ABS, LR)
● Guhindura vuba: Iminsi 30-45 kuri serivisi isanzwe ya X52 PSL1, iminsi 45-60 kuri serivisi ya sour ya PSL2
● Uburebure bugera kuri metero 24 bugabanya ubugari bw'imigozi yo gusudira ku kigero cya 30-40% (ubusanzwe metero 12 ugereranyije na metero 18 ugereranyije na metero 24)
● Uburyo bwose bwo gukurikirana kuva kuri nomero y'ubushyuhe bw'isahani kugeza ku muyoboro warangiye (nomero y'ubushyuhe yashyizweho ikimenyetso kuri buri muyoboro)
● Imiyoboro ya X52 irenga kilometero 3.000 yatanzwe ku isi yose nta kibazo na kimwe cyabayeho
Ibibazo Bikunze Kubazwa:
Q: Ni irihe tandukaniro rikomeye riri hagati ya X52 PSL1 na PSL2 ku muyoboro wa LSAW?
A: PSL2 ifite imipaka ikomeye y’ibinyabutabire (C, P, S iri hasi), ubukana bwa Charpy busabwa (27J nibura kuri 0°C cyangwa munsi yayo), ubukana ntarengwa (90 HRB), kandi isaba NDT ikomeye cyane (100% UT ugereranyije na Spot UT kuri PSL1). Ku miyoboro ya gaze ifite umuvuduko mwinshi, serivisi yo mu nyanja, cyangwa serivisi y’umuvuduko, PSL2 ni itegeko. Ku miyoboro y’amazi cyangwa peteroli ifite umuvuduko muto, PSL1 iremewe kandi ihendutse.
Q: Ese ushobora gutanga X52 isuzuma ry’ubushyuhe buke ku mishinga ya arctic?
A: Yego. Dutanga X52 PSL2 hamwe n'igerageza ry'ingaruka za Charpy kuri -46°C (ubuso bwa 27J buri munsi) na DWTT kuri -20°C (ubuso bwa 85% by'ubuso bwa shear). Twatanze X52 yo mu rwego rwa arctic ku mishinga ya Kanada n'Uburusiya. Nyamuneka garagaza ubushyuhe n'ingufu bikenewe mu gihe ubaza.
Q: Ni ubuhe bunini ntarengwa bw'urukuta ushobora gukora kuri X52 LSAW?
A: Uburyo bwa JCOE ntarengwa 50.8mm, uburyo bwa UOE ntarengwa 40mm, uburyo bumwe buzungurutse uburebure bugera kuri 70mm, uburyo bubiri buzungurutse uburebure bugera kuri 80mm. Ku bugari bw'urukuta burenga 50.8mm, PWHT ni itegeko. Duherutse gutanga X52 1,600mm OD × 70mm WT ku mushinga wo gutera amazi ufite umuvuduko mwinshi muri Omani.
Q: Ni gute wagenzura ubukana bwa serivisi ya X52 sour?
A: Dugenzura imiterere y'ibinyabutabire (CEV ≤ 0.40% ku bijyanye no gusudira, munsi ya 0.43%), tugenzura uburyo ubushyuhe bwinjira mu gihe cyo gusudira SAW (≤ 3.0 kJ/mm), kandi tugashyiraho PWHT ku bugari bw'urukuta ≥ 20mm. Ubukomere nyuma ya PWHT busanzwe ni 78-85 HRB ku byuma by'ibanze na 82-88 HRB ku gusudira. Dutanga inyandiko yuzuye y'uburyo ubukomere bwinjira.
Q: Ese mukora igenzura ry’imiyoboro ya X52 LSAW ku ruhande rwa gatatu?
A: Yego. Dukorana na SGS, BV, TÜV, DNV, ABS, na LR. Igenzura rishobora gukorerwa mu ruganda rwacu mu gihe cyo gukora, rigatangwa n'uhagarariye umukiriya cyangwa ikigo cya gatatu. Dutanga ibyemezo bya EN 10204 Type 3.2 iyo tubisabye.
Q: Igihe gisanzwe cyo gukoresha umuyoboro wa X52 LSAW ni ikihe?
A: Igihe gisanzwe cyo gutanga umusaruro: iminsi 30-45 kuri PSL1, iminsi 45-60 kuri PSL2 hamwe n'ibizamini bya serivisi mbi. Gutumiza byihuse (iminsi 20-30) birashoboka ku bipimo bito (
Q: Ese ushobora gutanga X52 ifite 3LPE coating na beto protection ku miyoboro yo mu mazi?
A: Yego. Dutanga irangi rya 3LPE kuri buri ISO 21809 (ubugari bwa 2.5-3.5mm) kandi dushobora guhuza irangi ry'uburemere bwa beto (ubugari bwa 40-120mm, ubucucike bwa 2,400-3,050 kg / m³) mu busitani bwacu bw'abafatanyabikorwa i Tianjin. Twatanze irangi rya X52 mu mahanga ku mishinga ya Vietnam, Indoneziya, no mu Burasirazuba bwo Hagati.
Icyitonderwa cy'umushinga - Umuyoboro w'ibikomoka kuri peteroli ihumanya ikirere muri Afurika y'Iburasirazuba
Igihugu:Uganda / Tanzaniya (Umuyoboro wa peteroli ihumanya ikirere muri Afurika y'Iburasirazuba – EACOP)
Igipimo n'Icyiciro:API 5L X52 PSL2 (serivisi idasobanutse, hamwe n'ibizamini bya HIC na SSC)
Ingano n'ingano:
● OD 610mm (24″) × Ubwinshi 12.7mm – metero 48.000 (hafi toni 7.200) yakozwe na UOE process
● OD 610mm (24″) × Ubwinshi 15.9mm – 12.000 (hafi toni 2.400) yakozwe na UOE process (urukuta runini rwo kwambuka imigezi)
● OD 914mm (36″) × Ubwinshi 19.0mm – metero 8.500 (hafi toni 3.400) yakozwe na JCOE process yo gukoresha imiyoboro ya pompe station
Igiteranyo:Metero 68.500 (km 68.5), hafi toni 13.000
Ibisobanuro:Irangi ryo hanze rya 3LPE (ubugari bwose bwa 3.0mm) kuri ISO 21809, impera z'umuzi zifite 30° / 1.6mm, ikizamini cya hydrotest kuri 11.5 MPa (igipimo cy'umuvuduko wa 8.5 MPa). Ingufu za Charpy zisabwa kuri 0°C (ubugari bwa 27J, zageze kuri 85-120J). HIC kuri NACE TM0284 Igisubizo A, amasaha 96 – kwemerwa: CLR ≤ 5%, CTR ≤ 1.5%, CSR ≤ 0.5%. SSC kuri NACE TM0177 Uburyo A, amasaha 720 – nta gucika kwemewe. PWHT yakoreshejwe ku miyoboro yose ifite WIT ≥ 15.9mm.
Porogaramu:Umuyoboro w’amazi yo kohereza peteroli mu mahanga uva muri Uganda (akarere ka Hoima) ugana ku cyambu cya Tanga muri Tanzaniya ku Nyanja y’Ubuhinde. Uburebure bw’umuyoboro wose ni kilometero 1.443. Womic Steel yatanze kilometero 68.5 z’umuyoboro wose, harimo ibice binyura mu turere tw’inyamaswa zo mu gasozi n’imigezi minini.
Ibibazo bya tekiniki n'ibisubizo:
● Gukurikiza amabwiriza agenga peteroli isanzwe ifite H₂S– Ifumbire mvaruganda yo muri Uganda irimo H₂S yashongeshejwe kugeza kuri 15 ppm hamwe n’amazi. Hakenewe ikizamini gikomeye cya HIC na SSC. Womic yakoze ikizamini cy’ubuziranenge ku bibanza 15 by’umusaruro. Byose byatsinze na CLR 0%, CTR 0%, CSR 0% kuri HIC. Ikizamini cya SSC (NACE TM0177, 720h) nta gucika kw’ubuso byagaragaje. Twabigezeho dukomeza CEV ≤ 0.38% (munsi cyane y’umupaka wa PSL2 wa 0.43%) no gukoresha PWHT ku miyoboro yose iri hejuru ya 12.7mm WT, nubwo API 5L idategeka PWHT iri munsi ya 25.4mm. Umugenzuzi w’umukiriya (SGS) yabonye ibizamini byose.
● Inzitizi ku bidukikije mu gace k'inyamaswa– Umuyoboro unyura mu bibanza bibiri by’inyamaswa byo mu gihugu. Kwangirika kw’igitambaro mu gihe cyo gushyiraho byagorana gusana bitewe n’uko abantu batari babyinjiramo neza. Womic yashyizeho urwego rwa polyethylene (inyongera ya 0.5mm hejuru ya 3LPE isanzwe) nk'igitambaro cyo hejuru kidasharira. Twanakoze ubushakashatsi 100% ku biruhuko kuri 7kV (isanzwe ni 5kV) kugira ngo habeho ko nta gitambaro cyo gusharira. Ubushyuhe bw’igitambaro bwapimwe kuri 250 N/cm kuri 25°C, 150 N/cm kuri 70°C.
● Kwambuka imigezi bisaba urukuta runini– Imigezi itanu minini yambukiranya imigezi (imigezi ya Nili) yasabaga Uburemere bwa mm 15.9 aho kuba mm 12.7 kugira ngo yongere imbaraga zo kugwa no guhindagurika mu gihe cyo gushyiraho imiyoboro y’amazi. Kuri iyi miyoboro minini y’inkuta, twakoresheje uburyo bwa UOE kugira ngo turusheho kugira uruziga (± 0.2% OD) kugira ngo dufashe neza gusudira mu bice byambukiranya imigezi. Uburemere bw’umurambararo bwapimwe kuri 0.15-0.18%, munsi cyane y’umupaka wa 0.5%.
● Ibikoresho byo mu ntera ndende ku butaka– Imiyoboro yoherejwe iva i Shanghai ijya ku cyambu cya Dar es Salaam (Tanzaniya), hanyuma ikagezwa mu modoka itwara imizigo mu birometero 1,200 igana ku muyoboro wa Uganda. Imiterere y'umuhanda mu burengerazuba bwa Tanzaniya irimo ibice bidafite kaburimbo. Womic yateguye gahunda yihariye yo kohereza imizigo: uburebure bwa metero 12 gusa (nta metero 18 zo gushyiramo igice cya Uganda) kugira ngo ihuze n'amakamyo asanzwe. Buri muyoboro wari uhambiriweho imigozi. Twatanze imbonerahamwe y'imizigo n'amahugurwa ku sosiyete y'amakamyo yo muri ako gace. Nta miyoboro yangiritse mu rugendo rwa kilometero 1,200 rwo ku butaka.
● Inyandiko zikomeye n'uburyo bwo gukurikirana– Umushinga wasabaga icyemezo cya EN 10204 Type 3.2 kuri buri nomero y'ubushyuhe, hamwe n'uburyo bwo gukurikirana neza kuva kuri plaque kugeza ku muyoboro warangiye. Womic yashyizeho umugenzuzi w'inyandiko wihariye wakurikiranaga imiyoboro yose ya kilometero 68.5. Buri muyoboro washyizweho ikimenyetso cy'inomero y'ubushyuhe, inomero y'umuyoboro, n'ibipimo bya GPS by'umusaruro. Itsinda ry'abakiriya ryagenzuye ikigo cyacu kabiri mu gihe cyo gukora; igenzura ryombi ryatsinze nta n'umwe wabikozeho.
Ibisubizo:Umuyoboro w’amavuta ya peteroli yo muri Afurika y’Iburasirazuba (EACOP) uteganijwe kurangira mu gihembwe cya kabiri cya 2025. Toni 13.000 z’imiyoboro ya X52 PSL2 ya Womic Steel zatanzwe mu mezi 8 (zoherejwe bwa mbere mu Ukwakira 2023, zoherejwe bwa nyuma muri Gicurasi 2024). Imiyoboro yose yagenzuwe n’ikigo cya gatatu cya SGS Tanzania. Umukiriya (ihuriro ry’amasosiyete mpuzamahanga ya peteroli) yatanze ibaruwa yo gushimira Womic ku igenzura ry’ubuziranenge no gutanga ku gihe. Womic ubu ni umucuruzi wujuje ibisabwa mu kwagura imiyoboro mu karere mu gihe kizaza.
Umuntu wo kuvugana nawe:
Urubuga: www.womicsteel.com
Imeri: sales@womicsteel.com
Terefone / WhatsApp / WeChat:
Victor: +86 15575100681
Jack: +86 18390957568
Womic Steel – Umufatanyabikorwa wawe wiringirwa w’imiyoboro ya API 5L X52 LSAW yo gukoresha imiyoboro y’amavuta na gaze ifite umuvuduko mwinshi, serivisi mbi, imiyoboro ya arctic, n’ikoreshwa mu mazi ku isi yose.






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